THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
862
the monk who possessed the Knowledge and Practice of the Buddha-dhamma. AmbaÔÔha
and his teacher were lacking in such Knowledge and Practice. So they did belong to the
four types of degenerate monks and hermits, not to speak of the types of true monks who
possessed the two qualifications. The Buddha elicited these facts from AmbaÔÔha through
his questions and then criticized him for the first time.
‚AmbaÔÔha you and your teacher lack supreme Knowledge and Practice. Nay, you
even do not have the lesser qualities of those whose mode of life is the cause of the
destruction of such Knowledge and Practice.
‚AmbaÔÔha, your teacher, the Brahmin PokkharasÈti, does not have the lesser
qualities (leading to such destruction) and yet he says impertinently: ‘What kind of
people are these low-born, bare-headed and useless monks who sprang from the
instep of the BrahmÈ? How can it be possible for the brahmins well-verses in the
three Vedas to discuss with them? AmbaÔÔha, you note this defect of your brahmin
teacher PokkharasÈti.‛
Then the Buddha added:
‚Ambattha, your brahmin teacher, PokkharasÈti, enjoys the privileges granted by
King PasenadÊ Kosala. Yet the King does not give the brahmin teacher any
opportunity to face him. Also, when he consults the Brahmin PokkharasÈti, he does
so from behind a curtain. AmbaÔÔha, why does not the King allow the brahmin to
face him, the brahmin who is recipient of provisions lawfully given by him? (You
think over the reason for this matter.) AmbaÔÔha, you note this defect of your
brahmin teacher PokkharasÈti.‛
This was the second criticism made by the Buddha.
(Herein the Brahmin knew the mantra for deception in one's presence (
summukhÈ
avaÔÔaÑ
). If, while the King was adorned with a very costly ornament, he stood
near the King and recited the mantra, uttering the name of the ornament, the King
had to give the ornament without being able to say: ‚I will not give it‛. Then on a
festival day, he would say: ‚Bring the
mahÈraha
ornament‛ then the attendants
informed him of his having given it to the Brahmin PokkharasÈti. The King asked
why he had given it and the ministers said that the Brahmin knew the mantra for
immediate deception, that he had tricked the King and taken away the
MahÈraha
ornament.
(Other ministers too, who envied the Brahmin for his close relationship with the
King said: ‚Great King, the Brahmin PokkharasÈti has a kind of leprosy called
leucoderma. This kind of leprosy is infectious through physical contact. So do not
embrace and fondle the Brahmin as you do now when you see the Brahmin.‛ From
that time, the King did not allow the Brahmin to face him.
Still in spite of this loss of privilege, the Brahmin PokkharasÈti was a scholar
learned in law and statecraft. There was nothing which went wrong if it was done
after consultation with him. Therefore, the King sat behind a curtain and consulted
the Brahmin who remained outside behind the curtain.
(This was known to no one except the King and the Brahmin. The Buddha revealed
the secret (not to humiliate the Brahmin but) because He knew that such revelation
would certainly convince others of His Omniscience.)
Then the Buddha questioned AmbaÔÔha and made him admit that it was impossible for a
commoner or his slave to become a king or a minister just by sitting at a place where the
King of Kosala conferred with the ministers and princess and by repeating what they said
at such meetings. The Buddha pointed out that likewise it was impossible for AmbaÔÔha or
his teacher to become a hermit or a probationary hermit just by reciting and teaching the
Vedas that were recited and taught by ancient hermits like AÔÔhaka, VÈmaka and others.
The Buddha again questioned AmbaÔÔha and made him admit that unlike AmbaÔÔha and
his teacher, AÔÔhaka, VÈmaka and others of ancient times did not don good garments, eat
good food, move in the company of women, ride good chariots, keep their good mansions