Chapter 35
too like Sanankumara BrahmÈ, uttered this verse:‛
Khattiyo seÔÔho janetasmiÑ
so seÔÔha devamÈnusse.
VijjÈ and Carana elaborated
There is the phrase ‚
VijjÈ-carana-samapanno
‛ in the verse it means ‚possessed of
vijjÈ
(Knowledge) and
caraÓa
(Practice)‛. In the view of AmbaÔÔha,
vijjÈ
refers to the three
Vedas while
caraÓa
to the five moral precepts. AmbaÔÔha thought that if a man who
possesses
vijjÈ
and
caraÓa
is praiseworthy and superior, only then the
brahmins
were the
praiseworthy and superior people. Wishing to know these two qualities, he asked: ‚O
Friend Gotama, what is
caraÓa
and what is
vijjÈ?‛
Then the Buddha, desiring to point out the supreme, transcendent knowledge and practice,
leaving aside the three Vedas and the Five Precepts that are bound up with the well known
caste system, etc. of Brahmanism, said:
‚AmbaÔÔha, in the matter of possessing supreme transcendent knowledge and
practice, you should never utter word such as ‘you are fit for me’ or ‘you are not
fit for me’, words that stem from attachment to birth, attachment to clan and
attachment to pride.
‚AmbaÔÔha, only in a human society with its marriage customs involving the taking
or giving of a daughter, should you ever utter words that stem from attachment to
birth, clan and pride, words such as ‘you are fit for me’ or ‘you at, not fit for me’.
‚AmbaÔÔha, those, who cling to words stemming from attachment to birth (
jÈti
-
vÈda
), words stemming from attachment to clan (
gotta
-
vÈda
), words stemming
from attachment to pride (
mÈna
-
vÈda
) and words stemming from attachment to
marriages that involve the taking or giving of a daughter, are far from possession
of the supreme, transcendent knowledge and practice.
‚AmbaÔÔha, one can realize the supreme, transcendent practice only if one
overcomes clinging to birth, clinging to clan, attachment to pride, attachment to
marriages that involve taking or giving of a daughter.‛
Then AmbaÔÔha thought: ‚It has been our belief that we are still in possession of
Knowledge and Practice. But just as a violent storm roughly gets rid of husks of grain, the
Monk Gotama illumined us about those Knowledge and Practice. The Monk Gotama insists
and extols only this supreme Knowledge and Practice which we cannot grasp. We should
know the knowledge and practice which this Monk Gotama talk about‛ and again asked the
Buddha: ‚O Friend Gotama, what is
caraÓa
and what is
vijjÈ
?‛
Then as in the SamaÒÒa-phala Sutta, the Buddha gave a talk on the supreme,
transcendent Knowledge and Practice, section by section, beginning with the
appearance of the Buddha and ending in the attainment of arahatship. (Readers may
look up the teaching in the translation of the Sutta.)
The Four Causes of Destruction
(To state briefly:) Then the Buddha pointed out to Ambattha the four causes of
destruction of Knowledge and Practice (or of the Dhamma.) The four causes of are:
(1) The life of an ascetic, who, being unable to live up to the doctrine for the attainment
of Knowledge and Practice, enters the forest and takes to eating fallen fruits, (2) the life of
an ascetic, who, being unable to practise even that much, enters the forest and takes to
eating roots and fruits, (3) the life of an ascetic, who, being unable to practise even that
much, builds a fire-shed near a town or village and worship fire, (4) the life of an ascetic,
who, practise even that much builds a pavilion with entrance from four directions at the
junctions of the cross roads, for making-money by providing drinking-water to all the
people who come from four quarters, etc. The Buddha described these four types of
ascetics making the so-called self-styled SamaÓas and BrÈhmanas as merely attendants of