Chapter 35
arrow at his eldest son and the prince was safe without a hair standing on end.
Then threatened with the weapon of mantra, King OkkÈka became frightened, his
hair stood up; and (after having made Kanha washed his head, he released him
from slavery) he gave his daughter Maddar|pÊ.
‚Young men, do not humiliate AmbaÔÔha severely with the word, ‘son of a slave-
woman’. That KaÓha is a powerful hermit.‛
The Buddha gave his account of KaÓha, saying that AmbaÔÔha was somewhat akin to the
Sakyan princes (on his side) and thereby consoling the young AmbaÔÔha. So like a man on
whom water is poured, AmbaÔÔha felt much relieved as his worry [about his social status]
had been washed away. He became conceited, thinking that the Buddha had affirmed his
kinship to the royal family, Khattiya on his mother's side.
The Nobility of The Khattiyas
AmbaÔÔha considered himself a member of the ruling class, not knowing that he was not a
real prince. So the Buddha decided to disillusion him and in order to explain the meaning
of
khattiya
he further engaged in the following dialogue with the young man.
‚AmbaÔÔha, now what do you think of the question that I will ask you? Suppose in
this world a man of the aristocratic family marries a woman of brahmin family. As
a result of their marriage a son is born. Will the son born of that couple receive
priority among the brahmin as regard seat and water?‛
When AmbaÔÔha answered: ‚Yes, Gotama, he may receive it.‛ the Buddha said again:
‚May the
brahmins
serve that man at the feast in memory of the dead, the wedding
feast, the feast at a sacrificial ceremony and at the feast given to guests?‛
When AmbaÔÔha answered: ‚Yes, Gotama, they may serve him,‛ the Buddha asked again:
‚May the
brahmins
teach or may not teach him the Vedas?‛
When AmbaÔÔha answered: ‚Yes, Gotama, they may teach him,‛ the Buddha asked again:
‚May the brahmin forbid or may not forbid his marriage with a brahmin woman?‛
When AmbaÔÔha answered: ‚No Gotama, they may not forbid,‛ the Buddha, clinching the
argument, asked:
‚May royal family consecrate him a king?‛
‚No Gotama,‛ replied AmbaÔÔha reasonably, ‚They may not consecrate him because his
mother is not a member of Khattiya family.‛
(Here in this section AmbaÔÔha answered that a son of a Khattiya father and a
brahmin mother is not crowned king because of the low birth of the mother, so
also is the son born of a brahmin father and a Khattiya mother because of the low
birth of the father. The Buddha made this clear in His further dialogue with
AmbaÔÔha.)
Buddha: ‚AmbaÔÔha! What do you think of the question which I will now ask you?
Suppose, in this world, a brahmin marries a Khattiya woman and a son is born
of this marriage. May their son receive priority among the brahmin in respect
of seat and water?‛
AmbaÔÔha: ‚Yes, Gotama, he may.‛
Buddha: ‚May the
brahmins
serve him at the feast in memory of the dead?‛
AmbaÔÔha: ‚Yes, Gotama, they may.‛
Buddha: ‚May they teach him the Vedas or may they not?‛
AmbaÔÔha: ‚Yes, Gotama, they may.‛
Buddha: ‚May they forbid his marriage with a brahmin woman?‛
AmbaÔÔha: ‚No, Gotama, they may not.‛
Buddha: ‚May the Khattiyas consecrate him king?‛