Chapter 35
that He Himself was superior to Baka BrahmÈ intellectually, the Buddha continued his
speech as follows:
‚Baka BrahmÈ, with extraordinary intellect I know the earth element that it is by
nature
anicca
,
dukkha
and
anatta
. I know NibbÈna, that is inaccessible to the earth
elements by its nature; and I do not cling to the earth element (with craving
(
taÓhÈ
), conceit (
mÈna
) and wrong view (
diÔÔhi
)). I do not cling to it, as something
in which
attÈ
, etc., lie, or something from which
attÈ
, etc., emerge, I do not cling to
it as I, mine, or my
attÈ
. Baka BrahmÈ, as I know (NibbÈna that is unknown to
you), you are not equal to Me intellectually. How can I be inferior to you? In fact,
I am superior to you intellectually.
‚Baka BrahmÈ, with extraordinary intellect, I know the water element, ... the fire
element, ... the wind element, ... the sentient beings, ... the devas ....
mÈras
, ...
BrahmÈs, ... Œbhassara BrahmÈs.... SubhakiÓhÈ BrahmÈs, ... Vehapphala BrahmÈs,
... Abhibhu BrahmÈs ...., with extraordinary intellect. I know all (individuality
pertaining to the three planes of existence (
tebh|maka
) that is by nature
anicca
,
dukkha
, and
anatta
. I know NibbÈna, that is inaccessible to all individuality by all
its nature and I do not cling to all individuality with craving, conceit and wrong
view. I do not cling to it, as something in which
attÈ
, etc., lie or, as something from
which
attÈ
etc, emerge. I do not cling to all (individuality pertaining to the three
planes of existences) as I, mine, or my
attÈ
. Baka BrahmÈ, as I know NibbÈna that
is unknown to you, you are not equal to me intellectually. How can I be inferior to
you? In fact, I am superior to you intellectually.‛
(Then Baka BrahmÈ, wishing to charge the Buddha with falsehood, said:)
‚Venerable Sir, if what is inaccessible to all by all its nature, Your claim that You
know what is inaccessible would come to nothing. Do not let it come to nothing.
Your statement would become empty. Do not let it become empty.
(Herein some clarification will be made so that the virtuous readers of the Chronicle may
not be confused.
(The English word ‘all’ and the PÈli ‘
Sabba’
are of the same meaning. The word ‘
sabba
’
or ‘all’ is used in the sense of ‘all mundane things’ (‘all that is of individuality’,
sakkÈya
.
The complete terminology is ‘
sakkaya-sabba
’ or ‘all individuality’. It is this ‘
sakkÈya-
sabba
’, ‘all individuality’, that is referred to in the ŒdittapariyÈya Sutta where ‘
SabbaÑ
bhikkhave ÈdittaÑ
’ occurs.
(The PÈli sentence means ‘All things, monks, are burnt by fire such as
rÈga
, etc. It cannot
be said that supramundane things are burnt by fire, for unwholesome things, such as
rÈga
,
dosa
,
moha
, etc., are absolutely incapable of taking the supramundane things as their
target. They are capable of doing so only in the case of mundane things, individuality
(
sakkaya
) or the factors of clinging to existence (
upÈdÈnakkhandhÈ
). Hence the burning
of mundane things by the fire of
raga
, etc. Therefore what is supramundane is to be
excluded from ‘
sabbaÑ
’, ‘all’, whereas what is mundane is to be included therein.
Therefore by the word ‘
sabba
’ of the ŒdittapariyÈya Sutta is meant ‘
sakkÈya-sabba
’ or
‘all individuality’.
(With reference to the term ‘
SabbaÒÒutÈ-ÒÈÓa
’ or ‘All embracing Knowledge’ (or
Omniscience), its component ‘
sabba
’ means all both mundane and supramundane, for the
Buddha knows the whole range of things, mundane as well as supramundane. Therefore,
the word ‘
sabba
’ of
SabbaÒÒutÈ-ÒÈÓa
means
sabba-sabba
, ‘all this all that’.
(By this much the virtuous readers of this Chronicle might have understood that in the
field of Dhamma literature the use of the
sabba,
‘all’ is of two kinds: (1) the use of it in
the sense of
sakkÈya-sabba
, ‘all individuality’, or ‘all mundane things’, and (2) the use of
it in the sense of
sabba-sabba
, ‘all this and all that’ with mundane or supramundane
designations. Let us examine now the use of
sabba
by the Buddha and Baka BrahmÈ.
(When the Buddha asserted that he was intellectually superior to Baka BrahmÈ, He
presented 13 points as follows: