Chapter 33
whom they worshipped. The parents taught him all the questions and answers when
he was young.
(As time went by ΀avaka forgot the answers. He then had the questions put down
in orpiment on gold plates, lest they should get lost, and he kept the plates stuck at
the entrance of the mansion. In this way, ΀avaka's questions had their source in a
Buddha, and they were the ones which only Buddhas could answer as they
(belonged to the sphere of Buddhas,
Buddhavisaya
.)
On hearing the ogre's words, the Buddha wished to show the unique power of Buddhas;
unique in the sense that it was not shared by any in the world, for, nobody could do any
harm to the four things in Their possession; the gains accrued to Them, Their life, Their
Omniscience, and Their physical rays. So the Buddha said:
‚Friend ogre, all over the dual worlds, the world of divine beings, such as
devas
, mÈras
and BrahmÈs, and the world of human beings, such as monks,
brahmins
, princes and commoners, I see none who could cause Me madness,
(or) who could explode My heart, (or) who could fling Me over the river.‛
(After barring the cruel intent of the ogre, the Buddha added in order to make him
ask:)
‚Friend ogre, in spite of that, you may put whatever questions you like?‛
Thus the Buddha extended His invitation, the kind that Omniscient Buddhas adopt.
(Herein there are two kinds of invitation: one made by Omniscient Buddhas and
Bodhisattas, and the other made by other individuals. Omniscient Buddhas and
Bodhisattas invite questions with full self-confidence: ‚Ask whatever you like. I
will answer your questions, leaving nothing unanswered.‛ Other individuals do so
but with less confidence: ‚Ask, friend. On hearing your question, I will answer if I
know.‛)
Alavaka's Questions and The Buddha's Answers
When the Buddha made the kind of invitation usually adopted by Omniscient Buddhas
thus, Alavaka put his questions in verse as follows:
KiÑ su'dha vittaÑ purisassa seÔÔhaÑ?
KiÑ su suciÓÓaÑ sukhaÑ Èvahati?
KiÑ su have sÈdutaraÑ rasÈnaÑ?
KathaÑ jÊviÑ jÊvitaÑ ahu seÔÔhaÑ?
(O Monk, Gotama by clan!) What is the most praiseworthy property of men
in this world? What, when practised continuously for days can convey the
threefold happiness of devas, humans and NibbÈna? Of all enjoyable tastes,
what indeed is by far the best for living beings? How is one's life, the most
praiseworthy among living beings, as sweetly declared by numerous men of
virtue such as Buddhas and others?
In this manner the first question, ‚What is the most praiseworthy property of men in this
world?‛ is asked by using the term which is of leading nature. Such a way of speaking is
called
ukaÔÔha
method. Therefore it is to be noted that the term ‘men’ here represents both
male and female. The question means ‚What is the best thing of all men and women?‛
By this verse the following four questions are meant:
(1) What is the best property in the world?
(2) What, when practised day by day, can lead to the three blissful states of human,
divine and NibbÈnic?
(3) What is the sweetest of all tastes?
(4) By what is living the best?
Then the Buddha, desirous of answering in the same way as Kassapa Buddha did, uttered