THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
770
Dhamma-speech, with all beings.‛
—— Dhammapada Commentary ——
Taming of ΀avaka The Ogre
King ŒÄavaka, of the city of ŒÄavÊ, was in the habit of pursuing pleasurable hunting in a
deer forest once a week, leaving behind all his enjoyment at the palace together with
female courtiers and dancers. In order to ward off the dangers of rebels, foes and thieves,
to prevent his contemporary rulers from attacking him, he took up a sporting exercise to
boost his kingly might.
One day, just before he set out for hunting, he had an agreement made with his military
officers: ‚He, from whose charge a deer escapes, must be responsible for that deer,‛ and
when they got to the forest a deer ran away from the king's charge.
As he was quick and strong, the King, equipped with a bow, immediately followed the
deer on foot for up to three
yojanas
. These (deer) belonging to eÓÊ family can run
continuously only for three
yojanas
. Therefore, when the King had covered that distance,
he killed the deer that was lying exhausted in a pond, with an arrow. He cut up the animal
into two pieces. Though he did not want its flesh, he carried it by means of a pole lest he
should be ill-spoken of as ‚one unable to catch the deer.‛ On his way back he saw a shady
banyan tree in new and old foliage at a place that was neither too near nor too far from the
city; he approached the foot of the tree to take some rest.
Now, ŒÄavaka the ogre had been granted a boon by VessavaÓa, the deva king, that
whoever came into the vicinity of the banyan tree as far as its shadow fell at noon would
be his food. (Herein, it should not be taken that those who came under the tree only at
midday should be eaten by him. The fact was that those who came into the vicinity of the
tree covered by the shadow of the tree at noon would be eaten, whether they came by day
or by night.)
When the ogre saw the King came under his banyan tree, he showed himself in person
and wanted to eat the King. [The King gave the two halves of the deer as he wanted the
ogre to set him free. But the ogre did not do so, saying: ‚Since it came into my hand, is it
not mine? How could you, Great King, seek your freedom by giving me the deer?‛ (This
part of the story is given only in some versions.)]
Then the King made a promise to the ogre saying: ‚Set me free! I shall send you each day
a man and a pot of cooked rice.‛ Still the ogre refused to release him, he said: ‚You might
forget about it, being intoxicated with your kingly luxuries. As for me, I cannot eat those
who do not come up to my residence nor can I eat those who do not voluntarily give up
themselves. How could I live if you were released?‛ When the King satisfied the ogre by
saying: ‚The day I fail to send you (food), you may devour me.‛ He regained his freedom
from the ogre's hand and returned to the city of ŒÄavÊ.
While waiting for the King at the make-shift shelter of branches that they had constructed
midway, the officers saw the King coming back; they greeted the King and received him
saying: ‚Why did you try so hard to catch the deer, Great King, fearing loss of dignity?‛
Relating nothing of the incident, the King returned to the city and had his breakfast. Then
he summoned the administrative minister of the city and secretly told him (of the promise
which he had given to the ogre).
‚Have you agreed upon the time, Great King?‛ asked the minister. ‚No, I have not,‛
replied the King. ‚You have made a mistake, Great King,‛ said the minister. ‚Ogres are to
have access only to things limited. As you have not put a limit, the whole district is in
danger of a disease. Be that as it may, Great King, though you have been wrong, do not
worry but enjoy your royal comfort, I shall do what is to be done in this matter.‛ The
minister rose early and went to the prison and made an announcement to the criminals who
had been sentenced to death, he said: ‚Those who wish to survive may come out.‛
He took the convict that came out first and had him bathed and fed, he then sent him
saying: ‚Take this pot of rice to the ogre!‛ As soon as the convict got into the shade of the
banyan tree, the ogre assumed a very terrible frame and ate him as though he were biting