Chapter 31
and female donors, such as King PasenadÊ, AnÈthapiÓÉika the wealthy merchant, etc., of
the matter. (Had they known of this, they would have pots of food conveyed by means of a
carrying pole indeed.)
Like the Buddha, Venerable SÈriputta did nothing. For that very day the Venerable
RÈhula received no food at all and had none whatever. Despite his being deprived of
provisions thus, he did not mind a bit thinking: ‚Though the Exalted One knows that I have
been left behind at the monastery, He does not bring, in person, the food He obtained, nor
does He send through somebody else, nor does He tell lay people of the matter. Though my
preceptor also knows that I have remained, he too does nothing for me.‛ How could there
be low or high opinion (contempt or admiration) in him on account of that? There was
neither. In the morning as well as in the daytime, he engaged in meditation on the element
of matter taught by the Buddha:
‚It is true that matter is impermanent for such and such a reason, it is true that
matter is miserable for such and such a reason; it is true that matter is unpleasant
for such and such a reason; it is true that matter is insubstantial for such and such a
reason.‛
He reflected thus incessantly like a man who urgently kindles a fire, and in the evening
he pondered: ‚I have been instructed by my preceptor to develop
ÈnÈpÈÓassati
. I will take
up his instruction. In fact, one who does not follow the advice of one's preceptor is one
who is hard to exhort (
dubbaca
). There is no worse oppression for me than a censure by
my fellow-monks saying: ‚RÈhula is hard to exhort; he does not even follow his preceptor's
advice!‛ Desirous of asking about the engagement in
anÈpÈÓassati
-
bhÈvanÈ
, he came out
from his cell, and approached the Buddha. Paying obeisance most respectfully, he sat down
on a blameless place, and asked:
‚Exalted Buddha, how is
ÈnÈpÈÓassati
-
bhÈvanÈ
developed? How is it repeatedly
developed so that it becomes to be of great benefit?‛
Then the Buddha explained to RÈhula in detail:
(1) How to develop meditation:
(a) on twenty portions (
koÔÔhÈsa
) of earth element,
(b) on twelve portions (
koÔÔhÈsa
) of water element,
(c) on four portions (
koÔÔhÈsa
) of fire element,
(d) on six portions (
koÔÔhÈsa
) of wind element which are all
MahÈ-bh|ta
(Great
Elements),
(e) on space element which is dependent matter (
upÈdÈ-r|pa
);
(2) How to develop meditation on
tÈdibhava-lakkhaÓa
, the characteristics of which are
similar to those of the five elements of earth, water, fire, wind and space;
(3) on
mettÈ
, loving-kindness;
(4) on
karuÓÈ
, compassion;
(5) on
muditÈ
, altruistic joy;
(6) on
upekkhÈ
, equanimity;
(7) on
asubha
, unpleasantness;
(8) on
anicca
-
saÒÒÈ
, perception of impermanence; the Buddha gave a discourse (which
included the advantages), urging him to practise all these forms of meditation.
(9) on
ÈnÈpÈÓassati
, which formed the original question put forth by RÈhula; the Buddha
explained it in detail, showing the benefit derived therefrom. (The Buddha's elaborate
saying may be read in the Majjhima PaÓÓÈsa of the Majjhima NikÈya.)
Discourses delivered by The Buddha with Reference to Venerable RÈhula
Several discourses were delivered to Venerable RÈhula by the Buddha: (1) The SÈmaÓera-
paÒha, ‚Questions for a novice‛, (2) the AmbalaÔÔhika RÈhulovÈda Sutta, ‚Advice to RÈhula