THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
720
the Buddha, since His arrival, for showing no signs of reverence to elders, he was not
content at all in repeatedly doing homage to Him in all three manners — physically, verbally
and mentally now that he had analytically understood His virtues. Placing his folded hands
on his head and facing in the direction of the Buddha as far as he could see, he withdrew,
walking backward. It was only at the point where he lost sight of the Buddha that he finally
made obeisance to his heart's content and departed.
At the request of the Brahmin VeraÒjÈ, the Buddha observed the twelfth
vassa
in the city
of VeraÒjÈ with His five hundred monks.
Famine in VeraÒjÈ City
At that time VeraÒjÈ was short of food. It was hard to make a living there. There were
white bones all over the city. People had to draw lots for food ration. (Therefore) it was
not easy for the monks to get enough food by going round with alms-bowl in their hands.
The horse-merchants of the UttarÈptha Northern Region were then staying with five
hundred horses in VeraÒjÈ to take shelter from showers of rain during the rainy season. At
the horse-yards the merchants made a regular donation of one
pattha
of barley to each
monk. When the monks entered the city in the morning for alms-food and did not get any,
they went to the horse-yards and each received one
pattha
of barley which they brought to
the monastery and pounded in small mortars and ate it.
(N.B. Travelling was impossible on account of heavy rains during the four months
of the rainy season in VeraÒjÈ. Hence the horse-merchants' stay there to take
shelter from the rains. They had lodges and stables built and enclosures made on
unflooded grounds outside the city for such a stay. These sites of the horse-
merchants were known as horse-yards.
(They brought the barley which they had steamed to make it last long and free
from worm-holes and which they had husked so that they might use it as horse-
food where grass and such fodder were not available. These merchants (of the
UttarÈptha) were not faithless like the people of the DakkhinÈpatha. They had faith
and cherished the Triple Gem. One morning, when they went into the city on
business, they found the monks in groups of seven or eight going about for alms
but getting nothing. And so, they discussed among themselves: ‚These good monks
are observing the
vassa
depending on this VeraÒjÈ City. But there is famine here.
Not getting a bit of food, they are immensely troubled. Since we are visitors, we
are not capable of providing them with rice gruel and food daily, but our horses get
food twice a day, once at night and once in daytime. It will be good to take one
pattha
of barley out of the morning fodder of each horse and give it to each monk.
If we do so the good monks will not be hard pressed; and the horses will still have
enough food.‛ They then went to the monks and informed them of their decision,
they also requested them, saying: ‚Venerable Sirs, please accept one
pattha
of
barley and make it into food in a befitting way and eat it.‛ Hence their regular
offering of one
pattha
of barley to each monk every day.
(When the monks entered VeraÒjÈ in the morning for alms-food and went round
the whole city, they did not get, in the least, a word of excuse, let alone food.
When they reached the horse-yards outside the city, each of them was given one
pattha
of barley and brought it to the monastery. Since there were no lay attendants
to make gruel or food for them and as it was not proper to do the cooking by
themselves, they formed groups of eight or ten and pounded the barley in small
mortars. Each consumed his share after adding water to it, for they thought: ‚In
this way we shall have light livelihood (
sallahukavutti
) and be free from the
wrongdoing of cooking by oneself (
samÈpaka-dukkaÔa Èpatti
). After having eaten,
they engage in ascetic practices without worry.)
For the Buddha, however, the horse-merchants donated one
pattha
of barley and the
proportionate amount of butter, honey and molasses. Venerable Œnanda brought the
offerings and ground (the barley) on a stone slab. Anything prepared by a man of merit and
intelligence is naturally delightful. Having ground the barley, he mixed it with butter, etc.