Chapter 29
seeds always grew abundantly without withering because they received the help of
the rainfall, even so the Buddha's morality (
sÊla
), concentration (
samÈdhi
) and
wisdom (
paÒÒÈ
), that had their immediate cause in the seed-like faith constantly
develop without weakening,
(b) (By this saying the Buddha pointed out the profound meaning as follows:
‚Brahmin, if it rains after you have sown the seeds, that is all right. If not, you
have to provide water by yourself. As for me, I attach the yoke and plough of
Insight Wisdom (
vipassanÈ-paÒÒÈ
) and Path-Wisdom (
magga-paÒÒÈ
) to the plough
of shame (
hirÊ
) and fear (
ottappa
) by means of the rope of concentration
(
samÈdhi
); then harnessing the draught-bullocks of energy (
vÊriya
) I prick and drive
them with the goad of mindfulness (sati); thus I plough the fertile field of my
mental process and sow the seed-like faith. Never has there been a time when the
seed-like faith is deprived of rain water. Rain in the form of my restraint of the six
senses is always falling on the fertile field of my mental process.‛
(With reference to the Buddha's saying: ‚
My Insight Wisdom and Path-Wisdom are
the yoke and the harrow
.‛ The Brahmin's yoke and harrow are analogous to the
Buddha's Insight-Wisdom and Path-Wisdom. The yoke is the support for the
harrow shafts. It lies before the latter, to which it is connected. It is also something
on which the ropes depend. It serves by making the draught-bullocks move
together. Likewise, wisdom is the chief support of faultless virtues led by shame
and fear. It is also the head and forerunner of faultless virtues. As it cannot exist
without the shaft-like shame and fear, the latter should be bound up with the yoke
of wisdom. As it is something on which the rope of concentration depends, it gives
support to the latter. As wisdom checks both excessive and meagre exertions, it
serves it by regulating the movement in unison of the draught-bullocks of energy.
(c) (When harrowing is done, the log fitted with teeth breaks up the soil. It also
destroys big and small roots. Similarly, when the Buddha's log of wisdom fitted
with the teeth of mindfulness breaks up the four masses (
ghÈna
), namely, the mass
of continuity (
santati
), the mass of composition (
sam|ha
), the mass of function
(
kicca
) and the mass of sense object (
ÈrammaÓa
). It also destroys all the big and
small roots of mental defilements (
kilesa
). Hence the Buddha's saying: "
My Insight-
Wisdom and Path-Wisdom are the yoke and the harrow.
"
(With reference to the saying: ‚
My shame and fear are the twin shafts of the
harrow
.‛ Shame and fear are born together and exist together. When shame is
experienced, fear also is then experienced. Hence the translation: ‚
My shame (
hirÊ
)
and fear (
ottappa
) of evil are the twin shafts of the harrow
.‛
(d) (Just as the Brahmin's harrow shafts hold on the yoke and the log, even so the
Buddha's twin shafts of shame and fear hold on the yoke and the log of Mundane
Insight Wisdom (
Lokiya vipassanÈ-paÒÒÈ
) and Supra-mundane Path Wisdom
(
Lokuttara
magga-paÒÒÈ
) (as the existence of the two kinds of wisdom depends on
that of the two: shame and fear of evil.) The yoke and the log do their respective
jobs (as has been mentioned before) only when they are bound up with the shafts.
Only then are they neither shaky nor loose (but remain tight and fastened). In the
same way, the (aforesaid) two kinds of Wisdom perform their respective duties
only when they are bound up with the twin shafts of shame and fear. Only then are
they neither slackened nor weakened but remain tight and fastened and unmixed
with unwholesome things that may arise from lack of shame (
ahirÊka
) and lack of
fear (
anottappa
). Hence the Buddha's saying: ‚
My shame and fear of evil deeds are
the twin shafts of the harrows
.‛
(With reference to the saying: ‚My mind is the ropes‛: The key word ‘mind’ means
‘concentration.’ Hence the translation: ‚My mind generating my concentration is
the ropes, which are of three kinds: one for tying, another for harnessing and the
third for linking.‛
(e) (There are three kinds of ropes, one for tying, i.e. tying the shafts and yoke;