THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
706
principal root-cause of farming. On account of this, the Buddha desired to describe
the task of farming beginning from that root-cause. Because the seed as the root-
cause of secular farming, the theme of the Brahmin's question was analogous to the
root-cause of spiritual farming of the Buddha, He also wished to add the very
analogy. Hence His saying: ‚
My faith is the seeds.
‛ (As has been said above, ‘the
analogy between the root-cause of secular farming, i.e. seeds and the root-cause of
spiritual farming, i.e. faith.’ Thus the profound significance of this statement
should be understood.)
(Again, it may be argued: ‚What the Brahmin asked should have been answered
first. Yet, why did the Buddha answer first but not later what was not asked by the
Brahmin?‛
(The answer in brief: (1) Though the seed-like faith should be answered later, the
Buddha answered it first because it would benefit the Brahmin much. (2) The
rainfall-like sense-restraint and the seed-like faith are related to each other as cause
and effect; hence the rainfall-like sense-restraint was spoken of immediately after
the seed-like faith though it should have been done so later on.
(The answer expanded: (1) The Brahmin was intelligent. But as he was born in a
family of wrong views, his faith was very weak. One, who is strong in intelligence
but weak in faith, does not believe others (not his teachers in the least). He does
not practise what should be practised and is likely to fail thereby to attain the
extraordinary Path and Fruition. KasibhÈradvÈja’s faith, free from mental
defilement, was weak (because of his birth in a family of wrong views.) Therefore
his weak faith combined with strong intelligence could not earn him the Path and
Fruition. The combination is somewhat like a bullock yoked together with an
elephant. It was the faith that would lead the Brahmin to the spiritual attainment.
Therefore, in order to establish him in faith (which was required), the Buddha,
incomparably clever in teaching, taught faith first though it should come later.
(2) Rainfall is immensely beneficial to the seeds. The relationship between cause and
effect could be fully appreciated only if the Buddha spoke of rainfall immediately after His
reference to the seeds. Hence His answer concerning rainfall, which should have followed
later, was given earlier (i.e., next to the answer concerning the seed-like faith.) (Not only
the rainfall but also the shafts of the harrow, ropes, etc., the Buddha spoke of at their
respective appropriate places in the sequence. The characteristics and other particulars of
faith may be learned from the texts concerned.)
(The analogy between faith and seeds is this: The natural seeds, the basic cause of
the secular farming of the Brahmin, did two things: (1) shooting roots downwards
and (2) developing sprouts upwards. Similarly, the seed-like faith, the basic cause
of the spiritual farming by the Buddha, performed two things: (1) shooting the
roots of morality (
sÊla
) downwards and (2) developing the sprouts of Tranquillity
(
samatha
) and Insight (
vipassanÈ
) upwards.
(Just as the natural seeds absorb the nutritious elements of the soil as well as of the
water through the roots and grow to bring maturity to the crop through their stems,
even so the seed-like faith absorbs the elements of Tranquillity and Insight through
the roots of morality and grows to bring maturity to the crop of Noble Fruition
(
ariya-phala
) through the stem of Noble Path (
ariya-magga
).
(a) (Just as the natural seeds that lie in fertile soil attain development with their roots,
sprouts, stems and ears, producing sap and paddy crop full of grains, even so the
seedlike faith that lies in the fertile soil of the mental process attain development
with Moral Purity (
sÊla
-
visuddhi
), producing the sap of the Noble Path (
ariya
-
magga
) and the crop of arahatship full of Analytical Knowledge (
paÔisambhidÈ
)
and Higher Psychic Power (
abhiÒÒÈ
). Hence the Buddha's saying ‚
My faith is the
seeds
.‛)
(With reference to the saying: ‚
My restraint of the six senses is the rainfall.
‛ Just
as the Brahmin's paddy seeds and the paddy-plants that had come out from the