Chapter 29
(3) The Buddha's Activities in The First Watch of The Night (Purima-yÈma Buddha-kicca)
Having finished His daytime activities after the meal, the Buddha, if He wanted to bathe,
rose from His Buddha-seat and went to the place where the attendant monk had fetched the
water for His bath. Taking the bath-robe from His attendant's hand, He entered the
bathroom.
While the Buddha was bathing, the attendant monk brought a seat for Him and placed it
somewhere in the fragrant chamber. Having bathed, He put on the well-dyed and doubly
folded robe, girding His waist, with His upper robe under the right arm and over the left
shoulder, He then sat alone in the Buddha-seat, which was prepared in the fragrant chamber
for a moment of recreation.
After a while, monks would arrive from their respective day-resorts and night-resorts to
wait upon Him. At such meetings, some monks presented their problems, some asked about
meditation subjects, while others made requests for a discourse. To them all, the Buddha
gave His help by fulfilling their wishes and thereby spending the early hours of the night.
(All these were the Buddha's series of activities in the first watch of the night.)
(4) The Buddha's Activities in The Middle Watch of The Night (Majjhima-yÈma Buddha-
kicca)
When the monks departed, after paying their salutations to the Buddha as that series of
the Buddha's activities was over, devas and BrahmÈs, from all over the ten thousand world-
systems, took the opportunity of approaching Him to ask questions which had cropped up
in their thoughts. The questions asked were extensive and covered a wide range of topics
but the Buddha answered them, leaving none unanswered. Thus, He let the hours around
midnight pass.
(All this was the Buddha's series of activities in the middle watch.)
(5) The Buddha's Activities in The Last Watch of The Night (Pacchima-yÈma Buddha-
kicca)
The last watch of the night (or the daybreak) was divided into three parts: the first part
was used for walking up and down in order to ease the strain due to His sitting posture
since dawn; the second part was taken up by His lying down on His right without losing
His mindfulness in the fragrant chamber, and in the third part, He rose from lying, sat
cross-legged, surveying the world of sentient beings through His twofold Buddha-Eye,
namely,
ŒsayÈnusaya-ÒÈÓa
and
Indriya-paropariyatti-ÒÈÓa
, to find out clearly individuals,
who had done in their past lives principal (
adhikÈra
) meritorious deeds, such as
dÈna
,
sÊla
,
etc., in the presence of former Buddhas. This is the exposition given in the SaÑyutta
Commentary, SÊlakkhandha Commentary and other works.
The exposition of the Sutta NipÈta Commentary, reads as follows:
The morning time was divided into four periods: in the first period the Buddha walked to
and fro; in the second period, He lay down on His right side in the fragrant chamber
without losing mindfulness, which was noble lying. The third period was spent by engaging
in the
jhÈna
of
arahatta
-
phala
-
samÈpatti
. In the fourth period, He was absorbed in the
jhÈna
of
mahÈkaruÓÈ-samÈpatti
and He surveyed the world of sentient beings by the
aforesaid twofold Buddha-Eye so that He could see what beings were of less ‘dust’ in their
eyes, what beings were of more ‘dust’ and so on.
(All these were the Buddha's series of activities in the last watch of the night.)
Here ends the account of the five series of the Buddha's activities.
Thus it was customary for the Buddha to carry out diligently the five series of His
activities daily wherever He stayed. In accordance with that practice, when the Buddha was
now dwelling, during the eleventh
vassa
, at the DakkhiÓÈgiri Monastery, He also
performed these duties. One day, when He did ‚the survey of the world of sentient beings
through his Buddha-Eye,‛ which was one of His activities during the last watch of the
night, He saw in His vision, by His Omniscience, the Brahmin KasibhÈradvÈja who was
endowed with
adhikÈra
merit that would contribute to his attainment of arahatship. On