THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
674
Now at that time,
bhikkhus
who had been suspended carried out the Observance and
performed the formal
Sangha
-
kamma
in the
Sima
(within the boundary) of the same
monastery, whereas those Sangha, who had expelled the former, carried out the Observance
and performed the formal
Sangha
-
kamma
by having gone out-side the boundary of the
monastery.
One of the
bhikkhus
of the latter group approached the Buddha with profound respect and
addressed Him:
‚Most Exalted Buddha, .. those
bhikkhus
who had been suspended carried out the
Observance and performed the formal act of
Sangha-kamma
, in the
Sima
(within
the boundary) of the same monastery whereas those Sangha who had expelled the
former carried out the Observance and performed the formal
Sangha
-
kamma
by
having gone outside the boundary of the monastery.‛
Whereupon the Buddha gave the following answer to that
bhikkhus
:.
Dear
bhikkhu
... in case where those suspended
bhikkhus
carried out the
Observance and performed other
Sangha-kamma
in accordance with the procedure
for a motion and proclamation (
Òatti kammavÈcÈ
), laid down by Me, in the
Sima
of
the monastery, their performances must be held to be quite in order, legally valid.
Dear
bhikkhu
.... in the same way, if you, the suspending
bhikkhus
, who have
suspended the former, carried out the Observance and performed other
Sangha
-
kamma
in accordance with the procedure for a motion and proclamation (
Òatti
kammavÈcÈ
), laid down by Me, in the
Sima
of the monastery, your performances
also must be held to be quite in order, legally valid.
Dear
bhikkhu
.... What is the reason for this? The suspended
bhikkhus
belong to a
different communion from yours (not associated with you) and you belong to a
different communion from theirs (not associating with them).
Two Kinds of ©ÈÓa SaÑvÈsa.
Dear
bhikkhu
... There are two grounds for belonging to a different communion
(
©ÈÓa-saÑvÈsa
): (1) one's own effort; one makes oneself belong to a different
communion, (2) being suspended by the Sangha for not seeing own offence
(
apatti
), for not making amends, for not abandoning wrong view. Thus there are
these two grounds for belonging to a different communion.
Two Kinds of SaÑÈnÈ SaÑvÈsa
Dear
bhikkhu
... there are two grounds for belonging to the same communion
(
SamÈnÈ-saÑvÈsa
): (1) one's own effort, one makes oneself belong to the same
communion, (2) the whole Sangha lifts the Suspension and restore (
Osaraniva
Kamma
) the
bhikkhu
who was suspended (
Ukkhepaniya
Kamma
).
Thus there are two grounds for
©ÈÓa-saÑvÈsa
and two grounds for
SamÈnÈ-saÑvÈsa
,
exhorted the Buddha.
(N.B. There are two groups or two types of
bhikkhus
, namely, (1) lawful
bhikkhus
(
dhammavÈdi
) who suspended the guilty
bhikkhus
(2) Unlawful
bhikkhus
who are
suspended for being guilty of one or the other offence (
adhammavÈdi
). Should a
bhikkhu
, residing with one group or the other, decide, after scrutinizing the views
of both groups of
bhikkhu
, that the
bhikkhus
, who are suspended are unlawful
bhikkhu
, and the
bhikkhu
, who suspended them are lawful ones, he himself has
made himself of different communion with the suspended
bhikkhus
and of the
same communion with the suspending
bhikkhus
.)
Conduct of Bhikkhus in Dispute
Now, at that time,
bhikkhus
fell into dispute, quarrelling and causing strife at the
refectory in the villages. They behaved unsuitably towards one another in physical action
and in speech. They came to blows. People looked down upon them, criticized them. Well-
conducted and modest
bhikkhus
reported this unhappy state of affairs to the Buddha who