Chapter 26
For attainment of Arahatta-magga!
Of these five mundane factors, confidence or faith (
saddhÈ
) may be divided into Four
classes:-
(1)
Agama saddhÈ
: Faith of Bodhisattas that has remained unshaken since the time of
making the resolution to become a Buddha.
(2)
Adhigama saddhÈ
: Faith of the
ariya-puggalas
that remains unshaken since the time of
realization of
magga-ÒÈÓa.
(3)
Okappana saddhÈ
: Faith in the Buddha as one who is perfectly Self-Enlightened; in the
Dhamma which has been well-taught; in the Sangha for its uprightness.
(4)
PasÈda saddhÈ
: Simple adoration through respect for the moral virtues of the Buddha,
the Dhamma and the Sangha.
Of these four modes of saddhÈs,
Okappana saddhÈ
should be considered as the Faith
factor forming a constituent of the
PadhÈniyaÒga
.
When Prince Bodhi had heard of the practical and personal knowledge of the Dhamma
preached by the Buddha, he said these words of adoration and praise: ‚One who practises
as taught by the Buddha in the evening is able to attain Path and Fruition in the morning;
one who practises as taught by the Buddha in the morning is able to attain Path and
Fruition in the evening. The Buddha is wonderful, the Dhamma is wonderful; the way of
preaching the Dhamma, which is good in the beginning, good in the middle and good in the
end, is wonderful, indeed.‛ Thus the Prince said in praise of the way in which the Buddha
had preached the Dhamma.
When the youth, Sanjikaputta, heard of Prince Bodhi's address of appreciation of the
discourse, he spoke against the Prince: ‚This Prince Bodhi has said that Buddha is
wonderful, the Dhamma is wonderful for being good in the beginning, good in the middle
and good in the end, and he also praised the way in which the Dhamma was preached. With
all that, the Prince does not seem to have taken refuge in the Buddha, the Dhamma and the
Sangha.‛
Whereupon, the Prince explained to him in detail:
"My dear man .... SaÒjikaputta... please do not say so; please do not say so my dear man
SaÒjikaputta, please take note of certain facts which I am about to tell you now, that I had
heard from my mother in the past:
When the Buddha was taking up residence at Ghositarama monastery in the country of
KosambÊ, my mother respectfully approached the Buddha and made a solemn request:
‘Most Exalted Buddha.... please be so kind as to do honour to my coming child, a son or
a daughter, whom I am bearing now, and who takes refuge in the Buddha, the Dhamma
and the Sangha by accepting him/her as a lay devotee (
upasakÈ
or
upasikÈ
, as the case
may be) from the time of his/her birth to the time of death.’
My dear man, SaÒjikaputta ...... when the Buddha was taking up residence in this very
sanctuary of Bhesakala forest in the province of Bagga, my governess approached the
Buddha carrying me in her arms and made a request: ‘Most Exalted Buddha... this Prince
Bodhi takes refuge in the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha, please be so kind as to
regard this Prince as a lay devotee from today till he breathes his last.
My dear man, SaÒjikaputta .... in addition to the two requests made by my mother and my
governess, I do hereby for the third time take refuge in the Buddha, the Dhamma and the
Sangha. The Most Exalted Buddha, may you regard me as a devout lay devotee from
today for the rest of my life!
(A question might arise as to the effectiveness or otherwise of the requests made by his
mother and the guardian on his behalf. Strictly speaking, they were not effective due to
lack of volition (
cetanÈ
) on the part of the person concerned. There is no such thing as
taking refuge in the three Gems without volition
Does it mean that the two previous requests became null and void? As a matter of fact,