THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
22
numbering one hundred thousand crores; not after fulfilling it even for one year, two years,
or years numbering one hundred thousand crores; not after fulfilling it even for a great
aeon, two great aeons, or great aeons numbering one hundred thousand crores; fulfilling it
even one great
asa~khyeyya
aeons, two great
asa~khyeyya
or three great
asa~khyeyya
aeons. (The same holds good in the case of other Perfections, such as morality,
renunciation, wisdom, energy, forbearance, truth, resolution, loving-kindness and
equanimity.) In fact, the shortest duration for fulfilment of Perfections is four
asa~khyeyyas
and a hundred thousand aeons. It is only after fulfilling all Perfections for
such a long time without interruption, and with profound reverence, devotion, seriousness
and thoroughness can one become enlightened. This is the reason for the rare occurrence of
an Omniscient Buddha.
The Sub-Commentary on the Sutta also emphasises that only when one has fulfilled
Perfections for at least four
asa~khyeyyas
and a hundred thousand aeons can one become a
Buddha. There is no other way. This is why the appearance of a Buddha is singularly rare.
No Similes to illustrate Perfections
The future Buddha's existences during the period of four
asa~khyeyyas
and a hundred
thousand aeons, between the life of Sumedha the Hermit and that of Vessantara. were more
than the drops of water in the great ocean. The number of Perfections that had been
fulfilled without interruption of a single existence was so great that its sum total cannot be
estimated. There is practically nothing to compare with these Perfections. This is extolled
in the JinÈla~kÈra:
MahÈsamudde jolabinduto 'pi,
Tad antare jÈti anappakÈ ’va.
NirantataÑ puritapÈraminaÑ,
KathaÑ pamÈÓaÑ upamÈ kuhiÑ va?
The births during the period between the life of Sumedha and that of
Vessantara were more than the drops of water in the great Ocean. Who
should know the measure of Perfections fulfilled without interruption?
Where is the simile to illustrate them with?
Besides, in the Sutta Patheyya Commentary and its Sub-Commentary and the JinÈla~kÈra
Sub-Commentary, where virtues of a hundred kinds of meritorious deeds (
satapuÒÒa-
lakkhaÓa
) are dealt with, it states:
Having grouped on one side, all the meritorious deeds, such as
dÈna
, etc.,
done by an inestimable number of beings in the infinite universe, during the
period between the moment Sumedha resolved to achieve the goal of
Buddhahood at the feet of Buddha DÊpa~karÈ and the moment Prince
Vessantara gave away his wife, Queen MaddÊ, and having grouped, on the
other side, all the meritorious deeds done by the future Buddha alone, during
the same length of time, the meritorious deeds in the former group would not
come to even one hundredth nor one thousandth of those in the latter.
Hard to become even A Future Buddha
Let alone becoming a Perfectly Self-Enlightened One, the stage of development attained
by Sumedha the Hermit since he received the prophecy of Buddhahood, can be reached
only when one is endowed with eight factors
63
. These are:
(1) Being a true human being,
(2) Being a true male person.
(3) Having fulfilled all conditions such as Perfections, which are necessary for
realisation of arahantship in that very life.
63. Detail of these eight factors will be given at the end of the chapter on Perfections.
63a. See The eight unfortunate existences.