Chapter II
To elaborate: Numerous were those who aspired after Buddhahood when they had
themselves seen or heard the powers and glories of Buddha Gotama after His
Enlightenment such as victory over the heretics bloated with conceit, performance of the
Twin Miracle
58
, etc. Therefore, when the Buddha descended to the city of Sa~kassa from
TÈvatiÑsa, where He had preached the Abhidhamma, devas, human beings and BrahmÈs
became visible to one another owing to
DevorohaÓa
Miracle
59
performed by the Buddha.
The
DevorohaÓa
Miracle created a great expanse of space from
Bhavagga
60
above to
AvÊci
61
below and throughout the eight directions of the unbounded universe. Beholding the
Buddha's splendour that day, there was none among the people, who had gathered in a great
mass, who did not aspire to Buddhahood. That all the people of this huge gathering wished
for Buddhahood is mentioned in the story of
DevorohaÓa
of the Dhammapada
Commentary and in the explanations of the three kinds of miracles in the JinÈla~Èra Sub-
Commentary.
Although the number of people aspiring after Buddhahood, on seeing and hearing the
Buddha's splendour, was great, it is certain that those who were of little faith, wisdom, will
and energy would have flinched if they had known the pertinent facts concerning the
multiplicity of Perfections such as fulfilment of these Perfections on a mighty scale,
fulfilment of Perfections in every existence without interruption, fulfilment with
seriousness and thoroughness, fulfilment for a long time and fulfilment without regard to
one's life. Only undaunted fulfilment of these awesome Perfections could lead to
Enlightenment. Buddhahood is therefore said to be something hard to obtain (
dullabha
)
62
.
The appearance of a Buddha is indeed a rare phenomenon.
Thus, it is mentioned in the second Sutta of Ekapuggala Vagga (15), Ekaka-nipÈta of the
A~guttara NikÈya:
Ekapuggalassa bhikkhave pÈtubhÈvo dullabho lokasmim: katamassa
ekapugglassa? TathÈgatassa arahato sammÈ-sambuddhassa imtassa kho
bhikkhave ekapuggalassa pÈttubhÈvo dullabho lokasmiÑ.
Monks, in the world, emergence of a being is very rare. Whose emergence?
The TathÈgata, who is worthy of the highest veneration and who knows the
truth with Perfect Self-Enlightenment, His emergence is indeed very rare.
The Commentary on that Sutta, too, explains why so rare is the appearance of a Buddha.
Of the Ten Perfections, with regard to alms-giving alone, one cannot become a Buddha
after fulfilling it just once; one cannot become a Buddha after fulfilling it twice, ten times,
twenty, fifty, one hundred, one thousand, one hundred thousand times, or times numbering
one crore, one hundred crores, one thousand crores, or one hundred thousand crores.
Similarly, one cannot become a Buddha after fulfilling it for one day, two days, ten,
twenty, fifty, one hundred, one thousand, one hundred thousand days or days numbering
one hundred thousand crores; not after fulfilling it for one month, two months or months
58. It is a well known miracle displaying both fire and water issuing alternately from the Buddha's
body.
59. Devorohana means ‚Descent from the abode of gods,‛ i.e, the Buddha's descent therefrom. The
miracle that took place on that occasion is here mentioned as Devorohana Miracle, the most
notable feature of which was seeing through all the universes from one end to another, from top
to bottom and vice versa. There was nothing to obstruct one's sight: everybody, whether human
or divine, was capable of seeing one another and capable of being seen by one another.
60. The highest abode of
brahmas
.
61. The lowest abode of intense sufferings.
62. Dullabha, lit. hard to obtain. There are five rare phenomena hard to encounter, namely, (1)
Buddh'uppÈda
, appearance of a Buddha, (2)
manussattabhÈva
, gaining rebirth as a human being,
(3)
saddhÈsampattibhÈva
, being endowed with faith in the Triple Gem and the Law of
Kamma
,
(4)
pabbajitabhÈva
, becoming a member of the community of
bhikkhus
, and (5)
saddammasavana
, getting opportunity of hearing the teaching of a Buddha.