Chapter 25
lamentation.
(8) A
bhikkhu
, cultivating the practice of
sÊla
,
samÈdhi
and
paÒÒÈ
, being free from
impediments (
paÄibodha
), such as, attachment to clan, sect, shelter and requisites, should
abandon the worries connected with food and with matters relating to lodging. These four
types of worries should be given up.
(A noble
bhikkhu
is apt to cry under pressure of such anxieties or worries. He is
therefore required to cut off all four impediments such as attachment to clan or
the donor, members of his sect, dwelling place and requisites.)
When a
bhikkhu
acquires food and robe lawfully at proper times, he should have the
sense of judgment or moderation in accepting and using them with a view to promoting
the sense of contentment.
(As regards the matter of judgment or moderation, a
bhikkhu
should take into
consideration the quantity of objects for offering, the extent of donors intention,
and the extent of one's requirement. In case where the quantity of objects for
aims outweighed the intention of the donor, the donee should be content with a
limited amount of alms. When the amount of aims available is comparatively
smaller than what the donor has in mind to offer, the donee should still receive
only limited amount of aims. Where the amount of alms is large enough to
satisfy the wishes of the donor to offer large amount of aims, the donee should
still receive just enough to meet his own requirements. Hence the term
(
Patiggaha mataÒÒuta
) receiving just the amount required: Utilization or
consumption of the four requisites by way of retrospection is known as
Paribhoga mataÒÒuta
).
(9) A noble
bhikkhu
, having guarded himself against unwholesome states by observing the
two sets of observance in respect of receiving and utilization of the four requisites, should
enter the towns and villages with agreeable deportment of bodily posture, and avoid the use
of harsh words, even in dealing with those who have calumniated him.
(It means that a noble
bhikkhu
(i) should receive and utilize alms in accordance
with the two modes of moderation, (ii) should move about with proper
deportment in towns and villages, and, (iii) should refrain himself from the use
of harsh words even when one deals with those who had calumniated him.)
(10) A noble
bhikkhu
should keep his eyes cast downwards, should not wander here and
there, should endeavour to attain
jhÈna
that has not been attained, to acquire the five kinds
of mastery over
jhÈna
that has been attained; should sleep mindfully, only four hours a day
and only in the middle watch of the night, (and spend the rest of the day, sitting or walking
while observing the precepts incumbent on a
bhikkhu
). Through such activities, equanimity
is developed by means of the fourth
jhÈna
. The mind being well composed, sensuous
thoughts (
kÈma-vitakka
), sensuous perceptions (
kÈma-saÒÒÈ
) and restless movement of
hands and feet termed
kukkucca
are restrained.
(11) Any instruction given by one's preceptor, ‚this is not right and proper,‛ should be
noted, regarded with sincere delight and gratitude. Ill-will or unfriendly attitude towards
ones associates should not be entertained. It should be eradicated as a thorn is eradicated.
Only faultless speech should be made, never talk beyond the scope of discipline (
sÊla,
samÈdhi, paÒÒÈ
) or beyond the limits of time. (One will be liable to be criticized and
reproached for breach of precepts and moral conduct, for wrong view, wrong mode of
livelihood. It is, therefore, necessary to refrain from such immoral conducts, even in
thought, not to say of physical or verbal acts.)
(12) Dear SÈriputta .... Besides this, in this world, there are five kinds of dust, viz.,
attachment to visible form (
r|pa-raga
), attachment to sound (
sadda-rÈga
) attachment to
smell (
ganda-rÈga
), attachment to taste (
rasa-rÈga
), and attachment to touch (
phothabba-
rÈga
). All such attachments should be removed by the practice of
sÊla, samÈdhi
and
paÒÒÈ
with mindfulness. Constant practice will enable the
bhikkhu
to overcome these five dusts.
(Five kinds of dust should be done away with by observance of the three training