THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
20
and so on; but they are not able to teach them how to differentiate between mind and
matter (
nÈma
and
r|pa
), and how to view them in terms of their characteristics, namely,
impermanence, unsatisfactoriness and insubstantiality, etc., so that they may reach the stage
of realisation of the Path and Fruition. (The next paragraph is omitted.)
55
Noble Disciples, who are
SÈvaka
-
Bodhisattas
, are called
Tarita
beings as they have been
helped cross the ocean of
saÑsÈra
and saved by Omniscient Buddhas. To illustrate,
Upatissa, the wandering ascetic, who was to become the Venerable SÈriputta, became
established in the Path and Fruition of
SotÈpatti
on hearing from the Venerable Assaji the
following stanza:
Ye dhammÈ hetuppabhavÈ,
tesaÑ hetuÑ TathÈgato.
56
From this account, one would think Noble Disciples could be both those who have been
saved (
Tarita
beings) by others and those who have saved others (
TÈrayitu
beings). But the
teaching of a Buddha's disciple has its origin in the Buddha; it does not originate from the
Disciple himself. He does not preach a sermon of his own without taking help and
guidance from the Teaching of the Buddha. Therefore, such Disciples are to be called
‚
Tarita
beings‛ and not
TÈrayitu
beings, as they can, by no means, realise the Four Noble
Truths without a master; and their realisation of the Path and Fruition can take place only
with the master's help and guidance.
As has been said, Private Buddhas and Noble Disciples are
TÈrita
beings and
Tarita
beings respectively. Hence, after their realisation of the Path and Fruition of Arahantship,
they entered into the stage of attainment of Fruition (
phala-samÈpatti
) and attainment of
Cessation (
nirodha-samÈpatti
) for their own enjoyment of bliss of Peace, and not working
for the benefit of others. On the other hand, an Omniscient Buddha (
SammÈ-sambuddha
)
would not remain working for His interest only. In fact, even at the time of fulfilling
Perfections, He resolves: ‚Having understood the Four Noble Truths, I will make others
understand the same (
Buddho bodheyyaÑ
),‛ and so on. Accordingly, He performs the five
duties of a Buddha continuously, day and night
57
.
Because He has to perform the five duties of a Buddha, the Buddha takes short rest after
His day-meal each day. At night, He rests only for one third of the last watch of the night.
The remaining hours are spent attending to His five duties.
Only those Buddhas, who possess the energy in the form of unique and supreme diligence
(
payatta
) which is one of the glories (
bhaga
) of a Buddha, are able to perform such duties.
The performance of these duties is not the sphere of Private Buddhas and Disciples.
Contemplation on Rare Appearance of a Buddha
Profound contemplation on the following four matters concerning a Bodhisatta and a
Buddha, namely,
(1) Bodhisatta (A future Buddha),
(2) Bodhisatta-kicca (Duties of a Bodhisatta),
(3) Buddha (A Supremely Enlightened One), and
(4) Buddha-kicca (Daily duties of a Buddha)
leads one to the realisation that a Buddha's coming into being is a very rare phenomenon.
55. The next paragraph in the original Text deals with the Uposatha. services observed by Pacceka
Buddhas. This account is too technical for lay readers, and we have thus omitted it from our
translation.
56. This is only half of the gatha, and the remaining two lines read:
TesaÒ ca yo nirodho
evaÑ vÈdÊ mahÈsamano
57. Here the author asks to see details of the five duties of a Buddha in the exposition on the
attributes of Bhagava in the Gotama-BuddhavaÑsa in a later volume.