THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
592
Chapter 24
THE BUDDHA’S THE SIXTH VASSA AT MT. MAKULA
he Buddha took up residence at the forest of MahÈvan in Vesali country during the fifth
vassa
emancipating those sentient beings who were deserving. He left there after
conclusion of the
vassa
, and travelled towards the countries of Savatthi and RÈjagaha on a
similar mission.
Two Kinds of Journey
There are two kinds of journey undertaken by the Buddha, according to circumstances,
namely, (1) the kind of journey made suddenly,
turita cÈrika
and (2) an itinerary with stops
at villages and towns, covering distances from one to two
yojanas
regularly per day,
aturita
cÈrika
.
Turita CÈrika
: The journey undertaken suddenly when perceiving someone deserving of
emancipation. There are many instances such as, the Buddha setting out all of a sudden to
receive Venerable MahÈ Kassapa covering three gavutas; then He covered a journey of
thirty
yojanas
in no time to save Ogre Alavaka; He did the same thing at the time of saving
Angulimala, a notorious robber; He covered forty-five
yojanas
swiftly to preach to King
Pakkusati after He had become a
bhikkhu
; He covered one hundred and twenty
yojanas
in
no time to save King MahÈ Kappina; He covered seven hundred
yojanas
in no time to save
Dhaniya, the wealthy owner of bullocks and his wife. Such journeys made suddenly on
such missions are termed
Turita cÈrika
.
Aturita CÈrika
: When the Buddha left a certain place at the end of a period of
vassa
, and
set out on a journey, He usually touched in at every intermediate towns and villages to
receive aims or to preach, covering a distance of one or two
yojanas
per day. Such a
journey honouring all people along the route by receiving alms or preaching to them is
known as
Aturita cÈrika
.
Three Circumferential Dimensions of The Buddha's Journeys
The Buddha used to make three types of journey with varying circumferential
dimensions, viz., (1) a journey covering the most widespread territory,
MahÈ-maÓÉhala
, (2)
a journey with a medium coverage of territory,
Majjhima-maÓÉhala
, (3) a journey with the
smallest coverage of territory,
Anto-maÓÉhala
.
Of these three types (1)
MahÈ-maÓÉhala
has an area of 900
yojanas
; (2)
Majjima-
maÓÉhala
has an area of 600
yojanas
(3)
Anto-maÓÉhala
has an area of 300
yojanas
. This
will be clarified:
(1) The Buddha held the
PavÈraÓÈ
ceremony at the end of
vassa
on the full moon day of
Thadingyut, Assayujo. Should there be no special reason to wait, such as to save a worthy
sentient being from the round of existence, He started His journey on the first waning
moon of Thadingyut, in the company of a large number of
bhikkhus
, covering one or two
yojanas
per day. He continued on wandering thus for nine months till the full moon day of
Waso (Asalho) of the next year.
At each stop en route to the destination, enthusiastic donors from all directions, within an
area of one hundred
yojanas
came in groups to pay homage with offerings. Those who
came late scarcely got the chance of extending invitation to the Buddha to their places.
These two other regions formed part and parcel of this
mahÈ-maÓÉhala
zone. The Buddha
stayed a day or two at villages and towns within the vast zone of
mahÈ-maÓÉhala
, to bless
the people of the locality by receiving alms from them and by preaching to them the
Dhamma, He thus developed their merit to escape from the round of rebirth. Thus the
Buddha usually spent nine months en route before He ended His itinerary. The journey
lasting nine months covered a distance of three hundred
yojanas
from the beginning to the
T