Chapter 22
bhikkhu
, who left second after receiving instructions, attained arahatship with
paÔisaÑbhidÈ-ÒÈÓa
like the first one. He was next followed by the third
bhikkhu
in a like
manner. Thus all the five hundred
bhikkhus
had their knowledge of the Four Noble Truths
blossoming out as
arahatta-phala
one after another like Paduma lilies blooming forth into
beautiful flowers in order of maturity.
The first
bhikkhu
who attained arahatship, rose from his seat picking up the small mat on
which he had been sitting with a view to go to the Buddha to acquaint Him with his
attainment. The second and the third
bhikkhu
and all the rest of them followed suit and
headed towards the refectory. Then they went in a long queue as if they had lined
themselves according to seniority in monkhood, to where the Buddha was waiting for them.
The
bhikkhu
who arrived first sat on the small mat at a suitable place and prepared to
address the Buddha with the virtues of the
arahatta-phala
he had attained. But first, he
turned round to see if there was anyone coming behind him with the same idea, and saw
the second
bhikkhu
, the third
bhikkhu
, and finally all the five hundred
bhikkhus
lined up in
a row after him.
When all the
bhikkhus
had taken their seats at suitable places, each one looked at the
other with a searching eye to form an idea of one another's intention and discovered, that
‚each one of them felt shy to address the Buddha about his attainment.‛
Two Qualities of Arahats
(1) Noble
arahats
always have the welfare of all beings at heart and their sincere wish that
‚devas, humans and BrahmÈs acquire the penetrative Insight-wisdom which they
attained.‛
(2) They have no desire to reveal their attainment of arahatship for conspicuousness unlike
the person who has discovered a pot of gold.
Expounding of MahÈsamaya Sutta
The Great Assembly of the five hundred
bhikkhus
took place in the cool evening on the
full moon day of Jetthamasa. No sooner had the five hundred
arahats
taken their seats, the
moon appeared, rising from the top of mount Yugandhara in the eastern hemisphere, free
from five kinds of obstructions, namely, dew, mist, cloud, eclipse and smoke. The moon, in
its fullness, assumed the form of a framed disc of a silver mirror or the frame of a silver
wheel turning round and round on its edge, hanging high above the eastern horizon, shining
with all its brightness as if to reveal the world that was made delightful and pleasurable by
the appearance of the Enlightened Buddha. At that auspicious moment, the Buddha was still
in residence in the forest of MahÈvana near Kapilavatthu of Sakka country, in the company
of five hundred
arahats
.
The Gathering of Devas and Brahmas
The devas residing in the environs of MahÈvana, in great excitement, hailed one another:
‚O friends! Come, let us go. To pay homage to the Buddha is meritorious; to hear the
Dhamma is beneficial; to pay respects to the Sangha is to acquire great merit; Come,
friends, let us go.‛ Thus clamouring, they congregate in the presence of the Buddha,
making obeisance to Him as well as to the five hundred
bhikkhus
who had just attained
arahatship.
Their rousing clamour, spread far and wide, reaching by stages from a haling distance, to
half a gÈvuta, to a gÈvuta, to half a
yojana
, and to a
yojana
and thus extending from the
centre of this universe to the surrounding ten thousand universes. All the devas and
BrahmÈs, inhabiting these ten thousand universes, therefore congregated in this universe,
excepting the few BrahmÈs, the
AsaÒÒasa
(no consciousness) BrahmÈs,
Ar|pa
(Formless)
BrahmÈs and those BrahmÈs who happened to be absorbed in their
jhÈna
attainments
(
samÈpatti
).
At that time, the universe was entirely packed with devas from celestial regions, reaching
up to the BrahmÈ realms (like a needle case packed tightly with needles with no space left