Chapter 22
The frog then started croaking from the top of the hill, hearing the frog croaking, and
thinking: ‚Where the frog croaks, there must be water,‛ the elephant climbed up the hill
with great hope. The frog went down the cliff and started making noise from the bottom of
the hill. Heading towards the cliff from where the sound seemed to come, the elephant
went tumbling down the hill and died through the fall.
The skylark was delighted when it came to know the death of its enemy, the rogue
elephant, and uttered, out of joy: ‚Oh I have seen the back of my enemy,‛ so saying, it
strutted to and fro on the back of the elephant several times and made off to a place of its
liking.‛
The Buddha exhorted the two groups of the royal family, saying: ‚O your Royal
Highnesses, you should not engage in hostilities with any one; as explained, even an
elephant of great strength could be brought to ruin by the combined efforts of small
powerless creatures, such as the crow, the dark-blue fly, the frog and the skylark,‛ and He
continued to teach the following verse of
Abhisam Buddha
:
KakaÒca passa laÔukikaÑ
manÉÉh|kam nÊlamakkhikaÑ
ete nagam aghatesuÑ
passa verassa verinaÑ
tasama hi veraÑ na kayirÈtha
appiyenapi kenaci.
O members of the Sakyan clan! Look at these small creatures, the crow, the
skylark, the frog and the dark-blue fly; these four creatures, because they
were united, had brought about the complete downfall of a powerful bull
elephant. You can see the outcome of hatred accruing to a person who wish
to engage in hostilities. Therefore, you should not carry on a feud with
anyone, not even with someone you do not like.
In winding up the discourse, the Buddha revealed that: ‚The rogue elephant at that time
was Devadatta of today and the noble leader of the elephant herd at that time was Myself.‛
Discourse on Rukkha Dhamma JÈtaka
Having expounded the three JÈtakas, namely, PhandÈna, Duddhubha and Latukika, the
Buddha proceeded to expound two more JÈtakas to bring home the advantages of unity:
‚O Your Royal Highnesses .... You all are related to one another by blood; and it would
be only right and proper for blood relatives to be closely united and work together in
harmony. No enemy can harm you when you stand united. Unity is necessary even for
trees that are inanimate, leave alone conscious creatures such as human beings. I will cite
you a relevant instance:
Once upon a time, a forest of SÈla trees in the Himalayas was struck by a violent storm.
But not a single tree suffered the slightest damage, as they stood in a body, securely
fastened to one another by plants and bushes. The storm could not touch the trees but
brushed against the topmost part of the tree and broke away. In contrast a lone tree
complete with big trunks and branches was blown down, root and branch, by a strong wind
for want of solidarity and united front in close association and collaboration with other
trees, plants and bushes. It is essential, therefore, that you all stand in a body united
through co-operation and co-ordination.‛
Whereupon the members of the royal family requested the Buddha to expound the
appropriate JÈtaka in more details:
‚Royal Highnesses .... It was during the region of King Brahmadatta in BÈrÈÓasÊ that a
Vessavana deva passed away and Sakka appointed another deva in his place. During this
transitional period, the new Vessavana deva issued a fresh order permitting all the devas to
accommodate themselves in the places of their own choice amongst trees, plants and
thickets.