Chapter 21
Chapter 21
STORY OF SUMANA, THE FLOWER SELLER OF RŒJAGAHA
he Buddha taught a discourse, beginning with the words
Tanca Kammam katam sadhu
,
on the advantages of ‘a rewarding deed of merit’ with reference to a flower seller
named Sumana of RÈjagaha during His stay at VeÄuvana Monastery in that city.
The flower seller used to present King BimbisÈra with eight
kunzas
1
of Spanish Jasmine
(Jasminum grandiflorum) every morning, for which he was granted eight pieces of money
each day.
One day, as Sumana was entering the city with flowers as usual, the Buddha, attended by
many
bhikkhus
, was also entering the city for alms-round, with rays of light shining forth
from His body, and with great dignity, splendour and glories of a Perfectly Enlightened
Buddha.
(N.B. Sometimes, the Buddha used to go round, like an ordinary
bhikkhu
on an
alms-round, with the six rays of light concealed by the robes. (For instance) He
went out all alone incognito to a distance of thirty
yojanas
to meet Angulimala, the
notorious robber. But, at other times, He used to go with rays of light shining, for
instance, when He went on alms-round in the city of Kapilavatthu. And, on this
day, when He was to meet Sumana, the flower seller, the Buddha entered the city
of RÈjagaha with rays of light shining forth from His body, and with great dignity,
splendour and glories of a Perfectly Enlightened Buddha).
When Sumana saw the Buddha, with a body, like an ornamented gateway column, replete
with thirty-two major characteristics and eighty minor characteristics, and six coloured rays
of light from His body, entering RÈjagaha city to go on alms-round with great dignity,
splendour and glories of a Perfectly Enlightened Buddha, there arose in him intense
devotional faith and reverence for Him. He then considered: ‚What kind of offering should
I make to gain merit?‛ and, when he could not think of anything with which to pay homage
to the Buddha, he thought of offering the flowers in his hands. But, on second thought, he
came to realize: ‚These are the flowers meant for presentation to the King, as a matter of
daily routine. If I fail to do my daily duty, I shall be liable to be put in the stocks, bound
with ropes and imprisoned or executed or expelled from the country. What should I do?‛ A
bold thought entered his mind at this juncture: ‚Let the King kill me, should he so desire,
put me in jail, expel me from the country. I might be rewarded by the King for carrying
out the daily duty; such a fortune would be sufficient for my livelihood duration the
present life. But if such an offering is made to the Buddha, it is certain that I will reap the
fruits of my meritorious act for aeons of world-cycles to come.‛ He, therefore, decided to
sacrifice his life in making his homage to the Buddha.
He was, at the same time, mindful that he should act while his intense devotional faith
was at its pitch and so he started offering the flowers in the following manner:-
(1) First, he threw two handfuls of flowers high above the head of the Buddha; the
flowers formed into the shape of a canopied ceiling, hanging in the air right above
the head of the Buddha.
(2) Then he threw two handfuls of flowers in a like manner; the flowers came down,
standing in the form of a flower curtain on the right side of the Buddha.
(3) Again, he threw two handfuls of flowers in a like manner; the flowers came down,
standing in the form of a flower curtain at the back of the Buddha.
(4) Lastly, he threw two handfuls of flowers in a like manner; the flowers came down,
standing in the form of a flower curtain on the left side of the Buddha.
1.
Kunza
: a measure for capacity.
T