Chapter 20
monastery at the time of the seven Buddhas, one should arouse in oneself the sense of
religious urgency that ‚all the worldly attainments of success and prosperity are subject to
deterioration‛ and thus now is the appropriate time for strenuous effort to free oneself
from attachment to these worldly attainments through developing weariness and
disenchantment on them.
Buddha's Journey to Savatthi
When the delightful and pleasant Jetavana monastery had been constructed at a cost of
eighteen crores of gold, on an enchanted plot costing another eighteen crores of gold,
AnÈthapiÓÉika sent a special messenger to the Buddha with his respectful invitation. The
Buddha, upon receipt of the invitation through the messenger, decided to proceed to
Savatthi, (partly because He foresaw that Savatthi would become one of His residences for
the greater part of His life, and partly because it would also serve as a favourable ‚victory
ground‛ for Him to save devas, humans and BrahmÈs, by millions, from the slough of
suffering). With that end in view, He left VeÄuvana monastery in RÈjagaha for Savatthi,
accompanied by His Sangha, stopping one night at the shelters of each station, located at
intervals of one
yojana
along the route, as arranged by AnÈthapiÓÉika in advance.
When Buddha arrived at Vesali on the way to Savatthi, He resided at the monastery with
terraced roofing in the Great Grove (MahÈvana). At that time, He laid down the rule for
the appointment of a monk, with the consent of the community (
nakammavaca
) to take
charge of the repairs (
navakamma
) necessary for monastic dwellings donated by the public.
Then, after leaving Vesali and proceeding towards Savatthi, pupils of the group of six
monks,
Chabaggi
, having gone along ahead of the Order of Bhikkhus with the Buddha at
its head, took possession of good dwelling places, good sleeping places, saying: ‚This will
be for our preceptors, this will be for our teachers.‛
Whenever the Buddha went on a journey accompanied by the Sangha, Venerable
SÈriputta, though he could selfishly claim the privilege of staying close to the Buddha as
the right-hand Chief Disciple, would never do so and leave other monks to shift for
themselves, but would follow at the tail end of the procession, personally caring and seeing
to the comfort of aged and sick monks.
Such being the case, on this occasion also, having followed at the very end of the
procession, he arrived late and all beds and places being taken up by the
chabbaggi
. Having
no where to sleep, he had to spend the night at the foot of a tree. The Buddha, coming to
know of this incident, considered: ‚If, while I am still living, monks behave without respect
for and showing deference towards one another, what would they do when I pass away into
ParinibbÈna?"
Being filled with great concern (
dhammasamvega
), He caused an assembly of monks to
be held in the morning and asked: ‚
Bhikkhus
, is it true that
bhikkhus
of the
chabaggi
group,
having gone along ahead of others, took possession the good dwelling places for
themselves, denying suitable resting place for the elder
bhikkhus
?‛
On being replied that it was true, the Buddha rebuked
chabaggi
group and, after having
given a reasoned Dhamma talk, asked the
bhikkhus
: ‚Who,
bhikkhus
, is worthy of priority
concerning place, water (for washing), and food?‛
Some
bhikkhus
replied: ‚
Bhikkhus
of the royal blood have prior claim to a place, washing
water and food‛; some said: ‚
Bhikkhus
of the brahmin class have the priority concerning a
place, washing water and food‛; others again said: ‚It was
bhikkhus
of the wealthy
householder class who are worthy of being offered first a place, washing water and food,‛
while others maintained: ‚One well versed in
Vinaya
, or a Dhamma teacher (
Dhamma
kathika
), one possessed of the first
jhÈna
, ..... the second
jhÈna
..... the third
jhÈna
..... the
fourth
jhÈna
..... is worthy of the first offer of a place, washing water and food.‛ Finally,
there were those who opined that "one who is a
sotÈpanna
.....
sakadÈgÈmin
..... an
anÈgÈmin
.....a
sukkha
vipassanÈ
arahat
(without
abhiÒÒÈs
), .....a
tevijja
arahat
(with three-
fold wisdom) ..... a
chalabhiÒÒa
arahat
(with six-fold superknowledge) ..... is worthy of the
best seat, the best water (for washing), the best alms.‛