THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
488
Then the Buddha had Upali
6
, the barber, ordained first (as requested) and followed by the
six princes.
THE BUDDHA’S SECOND VASSA
The Buddha, accompanied by over twenty thousand
bhikkhus
, left Anupiya Mango Grove,
near the village of Anupiya, in Malla country, for VeÄuvana monastery, in RÈjagaha, where
He observed the second rain-retreat
7
together with twenty-thousand
bhikkhus
.
List of Vassas observed by The Buddha in Chronological Order
The Buddha had no fixed rain-residence for twenty years during the early period after
His Enlightenment (
pathama
Bodhi
), as He went from place to place wherever sentient
beings could be saved from the round of suffering. Briefly:
(1) After preaching the Dhammacakka-pavattana Sutta to the Group of five
bhikkhus
headed by the Venerable KondaÒÒa, together with 18 crores of BrahmÈs, at
Isipatana, Migadaya near BÈrÈÓasÊ, the Buddha observed the first
vassa
in
Migadaya, going for alms-round in BÈrÈÓasÊ.
(2-4) Then the Buddha observed the second to fourth
vassa
at VeÄuvana monastery,
making RÈjagaha His alms resort.
(5) The fifth
vassa
was observed at a monastery with pinnacles and finials (Kutagara
Hall) in the MahÈvana forest, depending for alms-food on Vesali.
(6) The sixth
vassa
was spent at the monastery in the Chaya forest in the vicinity of
Mount Makula.
(7) The seventh
vassa
was observed on the Emerald Throne at the foot of Erythrina
Indica tree in the celestial realm of TÈvatiÑsa, preaching Abhidhamma discourses.
(8) The eighth
vassa
was spent in the forest of pigeon peas, a wildlife sanctuary, (or
the forest governed by a celestial ogress) with Susumaragiri in the Bhagga country
as His alms-food resort.
(9) The ninth
vassa
was observed at the Ghositarama monastery where KosambÊ was
the alms-food resort for Him.
(10) He spent the tenth
vassa
in the Palileyyaka forest (
palale
) where the elephant king
Palale placed himself at His service.
(11) He spent the eleventh
vassa
at Nalikarama Monastery with the brahmin village,
Nala, serving as His alms-food resort.
(12) He observed the twelfth
vassa
near the Tragacanth tree, which was governed by an
ogre named Naleru, with Veranjja country as His alms resort.
(13) With Jantu village, in the Caliya country, serving as His alms resort, He spent the
thirteenth
vassa
at the Caliya mountain monastery.
(14) The fourteenth
vassa
was spent at the Jetavana monastery with Savatthi, in the
country of Kosala, as His alms resort.
(15) With Kapilavatthu, in the Sakka country, serving as His alms resort, He spent the
fifteenth
vassa
at the Nigrodha monastery.
(16) He spent the sixteenth
vassa
at Aggalava Shrine (temple for spirits) with the
country of Alavi serving as His alms resort.
(17) The seventeenth
vassa
was spent at the VeÄuvana monastery, where RÈjagaha of
Magadha became His alms resort.
6. The story of Upali and the Sakyan princes who became
bhikkhus
will be dealt with in more detail
in the chapter on The Jewel of
Sangha
.)
7.
Vassa
: variously translated as monsoon-retreat, rains-retreat, rains-residence, Buddhist lent. The
rains-retreat has to be observed for three out of the four months of the rainy season.