Chapter 15
Through realisation of
sotÈpatti-magga
, King BimbisÈra became one who was
established in the imperishable supramundane Refuge,
Niyata-saraÓa-gamana
. It
was because he wanted to declare to others of his establishment in the
Niyata-
saraÓa-gamana
by word of mouth and also because he wanted to take upon
himself the
PaÓipÈta-saraÓa-gamana
that he addressed the Buddha by actually
uttering the words of Refuge.)
The Buddha entering RÈjagaha for Meal
After the night had passed and the new day dawned, having sumptuous meals of hard and
soft food prepared ready in his palace, King BimbisÈra sent messengers to inform the
Buddha: ‚Glorious Buddha, it is time for meal. The aims-food is ready.‛
Sakka descends to manage The Huge Crowd
As the time drew near for the Buddha to enter RÈjagaha for
alms-food
, the citizens of
RÈjagaha, those who had seen and those who had not seen the Buddha, numbering eighteen
crores, left the city very early in the morning. Wishing to see the Buddha and they made
their way, in groups, to the Grove of young palms. The road leading to it, which was three
gÈvutas
in length, was choked with people. The whole of the palm Grove also was so
densely crowded with people that there was hardly any space among them. People could
not feel satisfied watching and admiring the personality of the Buddha rendered so graceful
by the thirty-two Major Marks, eighty minor characteristics and six-coloured rays
emanating from His body.
The entire Palm Grove and the whole length of the road were so jammed with people that
even a single
bhikkhu
would find it impossible to find a way out of the Palm Grove and it
appeared as if the Buddha would miss His meal for the day. As if to intimate that this
should not happen, the orange-coloured ornamented stone (
paÓÉu-kambala
) which served
as Sakka's throne, became warm. Pondering upon the cause of this manifestation, Sakka
came to realise the difficult situation (in the Palm Grove). Assuming the guise of a youth,
Sakka instantly appeared in the presence of the Buddha, singing praises of the Buddha, the
Dhamma and the Sangha. Through his supernormal powers, he carved a way for the
bhikkhus
headed by the Buddha and acted as usher for them, announcing the entry of
Buddha into the city in the following verses:
Danto dantehi saha purÈÓa-jatilehi
B.(i)
DvevÈcika saraÓagamana —
like that taken by Tapussa and Bhallika uttering
BuddhaÑ
saranam gacchÈmi, DhammaÑ saranaÑ gacchÈmi
, at the time when there was not yet the
Community of Bhikkhus.
(ii)
TevÈcika saraÓagamana
– like that taken by Yasa'a father, mother, his ex-wife, and others
after the formation of the Order by uttering the complete formula:
BuddhaÑ saranaÑ gacchÈmi,
DhammaÑ saranaÑ gacchÈmi, SanghaÑ saranaÑ gacchÈmi
.
Four Formulae for taking Refuge.
(i)
Atta sanniyyÈtana saraÓagamana
formula:
Ajja adiÑ katvÈ ahaÑ attanaÑ Buddhassa
niyyÈtemi
. In order to escape from the round of
saÑsÈra
, I entrust my own body to the Buddha,
Dhamma, and Sangha and take refuge in them, starting from today.
(ii)
TapparayÈna saraÓagamana
formula:
Ajja adiÑ katvÈ ahaÑ, Buddhassa
parayÈno...Dhammassa parayÈno....Sanghassa parayÈno
. Starling from today, I have only the
Buddha the Dhamma and the Sangha to rely on, to depend on.
(iii)
Sissabhavupa gamana saraÓagamana
formula:
Ajja adiÑ katvÈ ahaÑ Budhassa
antevÈsiko...Dhammassa antevÈsiko... Sanghassa antevÈsiko
. Starting from today, I am a disciple of
the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha.
(iv)
PaÓipÈta saraÓagamana
formula:
Ajja adiÑ katvÈ ahaÑ, Buddhassa AbhivadÈnaÑ
paccuppaÔÔhanaÑ aÒjalÊ kammaÑ samicikammaÑ karomi...Dammassa...Sanghassa...karomi.
Starting from today, kindly regard me as one who pays homage, who stands up in welcoming, who
reveres the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha.