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should not.‛)
‚Furthermore, the merit of
dÈna
is capable of bringing the luxury of a Sakka, the luxury
of a MÈra, the luxury of a BrahmÈ and the luxury of a Universal Monarch (
cakkavatti
) in
the mundane world. It is also capable of bringing the Enlightened Knowledge (
Bodhi-ÒÈÓa
)
of a
sÈvaka
, of a Paccekabuddha and of the Supreme Buddha in a Supramundane world.‛
In this manner, the Buddha taught the rich merchant's son, Yasa, the Dhamma concerning
dÈna
.
(2) SÊla-kathÈ
(Since only
dÈna
performers can observe
sÊla
, the Buddha taught
sÊla
-
kathÈ
immediately after
dÈna
-
kathÈ
. To elucidate:
DÈna
is giving away in charity of one's
own property for the welfare of the donees or in order to honour them. This being
so, he who practises
dÈna
is a noble individual who really desires the welfare of
beings and there can be no reason at all for him to kill another or to steal another's
property. And so, since only he, who practises
dÈna
, can, in fact, observe
SÊla
, the
Buddha's
sÊla
-
kathÈ
immediately follows
dÈna
-
kathÈ
.)
SÊla
-
kathÈ
, Dhamma words concerning Morality: ‚The good deed of
sÊla
is for beings to
lean on, to stand on, to cling to, to be well guarded by, to be shielded by, to approach, and
to take refuge in. This good deed of
sÊla
is the one, with which, I, the Buddha, have been
related to. I have observed and guarded it without any breach and interruption in the
endless and infinite number of existences, such as the existence as Sa~khapÈla NÈga King,
Bhuridatta NÈga King, Campeyya NÈga King, King SÊlava, MÈtuposaka Elephant King and
Chaddanta Elephant King and others.‛
Truly, for the welfare of this present existence and of the next, there is nothing like
sÊla
for leaning on, standing on, clinging to, for being guarded by, for being shielded by, and
for taking refuge in. There is no ornament like the ornament of
sÊla
, no flower like the
flower of
sÊla
, and no perfume like the perfume of
sÊla
. Furthermore, all humans, together
with devas, are never tired of seeing one bedecked with the flowers of
sÊla
, scented with
the perfume or
sÊla
and adorned with the ornaments of
sÊla
.
In this manner, the Buddha taught the rich merchant's son, Yasa, the Dhamma concerning
sÊla
.
(3) Sagga-kathÈ
(In order to show that happiness in the abode of devas is the result of good deeds
of
sÊla
, the Buddha taught the Dhamma concerning the abode of devas (
sagga
-
kathÈ
) immediately after
sÊla
-
kathÈ
.)
Sagga
-
kathÈ
, Dhamma words concerning the abode of devas: The Abode of devas is
desired and adored by everybody. It heartens and exhilarates all. In the abode of devas, one
can have constant joy and bliss. CÈtumahÈrÈjika devas enjoy the divine bliss for nine
million years, calculated in human terms. TÈvatiÑsa devas enjoy it for three crores and six
million years (36 million years).
In this manner, the Buddha taught the rich merchant's son, Yasa, the Dhamma concerning
the bliss of the abode of devas. In fact, divine bliss is so enormous that Buddhas could not
make full justice to it in describing it.
(4) Magga-kathÈ
After teaching the bliss of the divine abode, the Buddha was to teach immediately
magga
-
kathÈ
, the Dhamma concerning the noble path,
ariya-magga
, in order to show that even
divine bliss is perpetually oppressed by
kilesa
such as
rÈga
, and to show that, since the
ariya-magga
is entirely free from
kilesas
, it cannot be oppressed by it. So, for teaching the
magga
-
kathÈ,
the Buddha taught initially the Dhamma, describing the defects of sensual
pleasures (
KÈmÈnaÑ ÈdÊnava
-
kathÈ
) together with the Dhamma describing the advantages
of Renunciation (
Nekkhamme ÈnisaÑsa
-
kathÈ
), beginning with monkhood that leads to
freedom from
kÈmaguÓas
and ending with NibbÈna, as both
KÈmÈnaÑ ÈdÊnava
-
kathÈ
and