Chapter 10
Chapter 10
THE STORY OF SŒTŒGIRI DEVA AND HEMAVATA DEVA (HEMAVATA
SUTTA)
he Buddha delivered the sermon of
Dhammacakka
just before sunset on the full-moon
day of the month of ŒsÈÄha, in the year 103 MahÈ Era. At midnight, He taught the
Hemavata Sutta (or SÈtÈgiri Sutta). The reason, in detail, for teaching the said Sutta was as
follows:
In this
Bhadda-kappa
with the human life span running into 20,000 years, Buddha
Kassapa appeared, and He entered ParinibbÈna after living for 16,000 years (which was
four-fifths of an
Œyu-kappa
). The cremation of His remains was carried out with great
reverence. The corporeal relics of the Buddha did not break up into pieces but remained as
a big solid mass of gold. This was the usual happening with all long-lived Buddhas.
As for short-lived Buddhas, they attained ParinibbÈna even before many people had the
opportunity of seeing Him severally. And so, being considerate and merciful and being
desirous that ‚the many people living in such and such towns and villages should gain merit
by worshipping the relics, even after I attain ParinibbÈna
‛
made a resolution thus: ‚Let my
relics break up to pieces and be scattered.‛ This being the case, the relics of the short-lived
Buddhas, like those of our Buddha, broken into pieces and were scattered like gold dusts.
The people built a large stupa, one
yojana
in height and also one
yojana
in
circumference, and enshrined the one and only relic of Buddha Kassapa in it. Each side of
it, in one direction measured one
gÈvuta
in length and each side had a large entry gate so
that the intervening distance between one gate and the next was one
gÈvuta
.
King KilÊ of BÈrÈÓasÊ donated one gate; his son, Prince Pathavindhara, donated another;
the officials, led by the army general, donated the third; and the public, led by a rich man,
donated the last. The bricks used for building the large stupa were only of gold and
precious stones; and each brick was worth a hundred thousand. In building the stupa,
realgar was used for cement and fragrant butter oil was used for water.
After the large stupa had thus been built, two friends of good families renounced the
world and entered monkhood in the presence of senior disciples who had followed the
Buddha in His lifetime. (It is to be noted especially that, in the Dispensation of long-lived
Buddhas, only such senior Disciples were qualified to perform novitiation of
sÈmaÓeras
and ordination of
bhikkhus
and to give guidance to them. Those who became disciples only
after ParinibbÈna of the Buddha were not qualified to undertake such tasks.)
Then the said two monk-friends of good family asked the senior disciples: ‚Sir, what are,
in fact, the tasks of monks to be undertaken in the Dispensation of the Buddha?‛
Thereupon the senior
sÈvaka
s addressed them in reply: ‚Monks, there are in fact two duties
for monks to fulfill in the Dispensation of the Buddha, namely, (1)
VÈsÈ-dhura
, the practice
of
VipassanÈ-kammaÔÔhÈna
(Insight Meditation); and (2)
PariyattÊ-dhura
, the learning or
teaching of the scriptures. Of these two: (1) the monk of good family stays with his
preceptors for five years, attending to their needs, learning and mastering the Code of
Conduct (
PÈÔimokkha
) and two or three sections (
bhÈÓavaras
) of Suttas and taking proper
training in VipassanÈ Meditation and also cutting off attachment to his company of fellow
monks, as well as to his male and female supporters. And, after entering a big forest, away
from people, he practises meditation for the realization of arahatship. This is the monastic
duty, the practice of VipassanÈ Meditation, called
VÈsÈ-dhura
. (2) He should, according to
his ability, learn and become skilled in one
NikÈya
of the PiÔaka, or two
NikÈyas
of the
PiÔaka, or three
NikÈyas
of the PiÔaka, or four
NikÈyas
of the PiÔaka, or five
NikÈyas
of the
PiÔaka and should strive for the development of correct and pure
Pariyatti-sÈsana
to the
letter and the spirit. This duty of the monk, to learn or teach, is called
Pariyatti-dhura
.‛
T