THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
350
nidÈna
) but there is not yet the request by the BrahmÈ, who respected by the
world (
loka-garu
), which is the external cause (
bÈhira-nidÈna
). This Dhamma
of the Four Noble Truths is not easy to know and comprehend clearly by
those who are overcome by evil influence of greed and hate.
(2) All devas and humans, who being covered by the darkness of ignorance
(
avijjÈ
), so much so that they have no eye of wisdom, crave for sensual
pleasure (
kÈma
-
rÈga
), continued existence (
bhava
-
rÈga
), and false doctrine
(
diÔÔhi
-
rÈga
), will not be able to see the good Dhamma of the Four Noble
Truths, which is subtle, profound (like the mass of water sustaining the solid
earth from below), difficult to see (like a mustard seed covered by the great
Meru Mountain), fine as an atom; and which leads to NibbÈna by going
against the stream of
saÑsÈra
. (This thought is in fact a usual thing,
dhammatÈ
, which happens to all the Buddhas.)
The Buddha, who had thus reflected, was inclined not to make an effort to teach the
Dhamma forthwith, in view of the following three reasons: (1) the minds of sentient beings
were full of defilements; (2) the Dhamma was very profound and (3) the Buddha held the
Dhamma in high esteem.
The Buddha's thought process may be likened to that of a physician who, having given
treatment to a patient afflicted with various kinds of illness, would reflect: ‚In what way
and with what medicine should this patient be treated for recovery from his illness?‛ so too
the Buddha, being aware of all sentient beings afflicted with various ailments of
kilesa
on
the one hand and of the Dhamma being immensely profound and not easily discernible on
the other, reflected: ‚What Dhamma should be taught to these beings and what modus
operandi should be employed in teaching them.‛ (It was not that the Buddha had entirely
given up His intention thus: ‚I will not at all teach the Dhamma to sentient beings.‛ For
details, see the MilindapaÒha.)
Another version: There are two causes (
nidÈna
) for the Buddhas to teach the
Dhamma: (1) the feeling of compassion for sentient beings generated in the mind
continuum of the Buddhas, i.e. the Great Compassion (
MahÈ-karuÓÈ
), which is the
internal (
ajjhattika
) cause and (2) the act of asking by the world-respected BrahmÈ
for the Buddha's teaching of the Dhamma, i.e. the request by the BrahmÈ, (
BrahmÈ-
yÈcana
) which is the external (
bÈhira
) cause. At the time when the Buddha thus
reflected on the profundity of the Dhamma and on the abundance of
kilesa
in
sentient beings, the
mahÈ-karuÓÈ
of Buddha, the
ajjhattika-nidÈna
, had already
arise, but the
bÈhira-nidÈna
was still lacking as the BrahmÈ had not made the
request yet. The Buddha was inclined to teach the Dhamma only when the BrahmÈ
had made the request, thereby fulfilling the
bÈhira-nidÈna
.
The teaching of the Dhamma, only when requested by the BrahmÈ, was a natural
course of event,
dhammatÈ
, for every Buddha. The reason for the teaching the
Dhamma, only when thus requested by the BrahmÈ, was this: Outside the Buddha's
Dispensation (before the appearance of the Buddha), those who were considered
virtuous, whether laymen, wandering ascetics,
samaÓas
or
brÈhmaÓas
, worshipped
and revered only the BrahmÈ. This being the case, if the world-respected great
BrahmÈ showed reverence to the Buddha by bowing before Him, the whole world
would do likewise, having faith in the Buddha. For this reason, it was usual for the
Buddhas to teach the Dhamma only when requested by the BrahmÈ. Thus only
when the
bÈhira-nidÈna
, the request of the BrahmÈ, had been made, the Buddha
would teach the Dhamma.
The Great Sahampati BrahmÈ's Request for The Teaching of The Dhamma
(The great Sahampati BrahmÈ was a noble Thera by the name of Sahaka, at the time of
Buddha Kassapa's Dispensation. In that capacity, he attained
r|pavacara
first
jhÈna
and
when he died without having fallen from the
jhÈna
, he was reborn on the first
jhÈna
plane
of existence and became the MahÈ BrahmÈ with a life span of sixty-four
antara
-
kappas
which is equal to one
asa~khyeyya
-
kappa
. He was called Sahampati BrahmÈ by the