THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
332
(1) AnekajÈtisaÑsarÈÑ, sandhÈvissaÑ anibbisaÑ
gahakÈram gavesanto, dukkhÈ jÈti punappunnaÑ.
Unable to cut off the root of repeated existences in
saÑsÈra
, taking conception in
four ways
15
is a great misery, for a body from rebirth is followed and oppressed
inexorably by ageing, sickness and death, it is no happiness at all but toilsome and
distressing. Therefore, as a Bodhisatta, searching the diligent builder of this house
of ‘
Khandha
’, and not finding him because I had then not yet acquired the great
sabbaÒÒutÈ-ÒÈÓa
which discerns clearly the real culprit, namely, Craving, the
carpenter, as the cause of
dukkha
, I had to wander restlessly, revolving with the
wheel of
saÑsÈra
although I had no liking for and was in constant fear of the
generator (mill) of
dukkha
, comprising the five aggregates.
(2) GahatÈraka diÔÔhosi, puna gehaÑ na kÈhasi
sabbÈ te phÈsuka bhagga, gahakutaÑ visankhataÑ
visa~kharamgataÑcitta, tanhanaÑ khayamajjhaga.
You! Craving, the carpenter, the wicked cause of suffering, diligently building up
the house of five aggregates which are enmeshed in
dukkha
! Now, having become
a Buddha and being endowed with
sabbaÒÒutÈ-ÒÈÓa
, I clearly discern you, Craving
the house builder! You shall not build again the house of five aggregates
intertwined with
dukkha
, because, your legs, your hands and your life have been
cut off four times with the axe of the
magga-ÒÈÓa
and you are like an uprooted
stump. All the rafters of defilements firmly fixed in your decorated house of
aggregates have now been broken to pieces without leaving even a slight trace of
past tendencies and inherent inclinations. Ignorance (
avijjÈ
), the king post of the
house, which keeps the Four Truths and NibbÈna hidden from view and which
keeps them far, far away has been pulverised. My mind, which is free from dirt-
like defilements, has reached NibbÈna, the palace of peace, out of the scope of
sankhÈra
and all suffering of
saÑsÈra
. I, the Supreme Buddha of the three worlds,
have realised the fourth (
arahatta
)
magga-phala
, extinction of one hundred and
eight forms of craving
16
to the delight and encomium of the devas and BrahmÈs of
the ten thousand world-systems.
N.B. There are two kinds of
udÈnas,
namely
, manasa-udÈna
, which is uttered only
mentally and
vacasa-udÈna
, which is uttered verbally. The
udÈnas-gÈthÈ
beginning with
‘
AnekajÈtisaÑsÈraÑ
etc.,’ was recited by the Buddha only mentally and thus should be
deemed as
manasa-udÈna
. The
udÈnas
in the
UdÈna
PÈli Text beginning with ‘
YadÈ
have
pÈtu bhavanti dhammÈ
,’ etc., were uttered verbally by the Buddha. So these
udÈnas
in the
UdÈna
PÈli Text should be regarded as
vacasa-udÈnas
.
(The categories of Dhamma mentioned in this Chapter on the attainment of Buddhahood,
namely, the
PaÔiccasamuppÈda
, the four
PaÔisambhidÈ-ÒÈÓas
, the six
ŒsÈdhÈrana-ÒÈÓas
,
15. Conception in four ways: Four
yonis
, four ways of being born, namely,
andaja
(oviparous);
jalÈbuja
(viviparous);
sansedaja
(moisture-sprung);
opapatika
(spontaneous). (P.E.D)
16. One hundred and eight forms of craving: craving (
taÓhÈ
), is the chief root of suffering and is the
cause of ever continuing cycle of rebirths. It is synonymous with greed (
lobha
or
rÈga
).
Basically, it is of three aspects; sensual craving, (
kÈma-tanhÈ
); craving for rebirth, especially in
higher realms, (
bhava-taÓhÈ
); craving for annihilation (of self), (
vibhava-tanhÈ
). Corresponding
to the six sense objects, each of these aspects of
taÓhÈ
multiplies into six forms of craving, viz.
craving for visible objects, for sounds, odours, tastes, bodily impressions, mental impressions
(
r|pa-tanhÈ
,
sadda
-
taÓhÈ
,
gandha
-
taÓhÈ
,
rasa
-
taÓhÈ
,
phoÔÔhabbha
-
taÓhÈ
,
dhamma-tanha
), thus
totalling eighteen forms of craving. Again, taking into consideration three periods of time, as
present, past and future, which apply to each of these eighteen forms of
taÓhÈ
, one can
distinguish fifty four different forms of craving. Finally, these fifty-four forms of craving can
arise in the mind continuum of one's own or of others; thus one hundred and eight forms of
craving are enumerable in all.