Chapter IX
From the statement made in Nanda Sikkhapada, Ratana Vagga, PÈcittiya PÈli, Vinaya
PiÔaka, that the Buddha's younger brother, the Venerable Œnanda, was only four fingers
shorter than his elder brother, it may be taken that other people of the time were as tall as
the Buddha, if not, of equal height. It therefore follows that the height of the Buddha was
equal to that of the people who were His contemporaries. This, however, does not mean
that the two heights were exactly the same.
That the Buddha's height was equal to His contemporary people's was due to the two
factors, namely, climate and food. When unrighteousness of rulers is followed by that of
the whole world (with the exception of the Noble Ones), there happened irregularities of
climate and nutriment deficiencies in food. Being associated with such climate and food,
people's physical qualities due to them cannot develop as much as they should. On the other
hand, these qualities would develop well when righteousness prevails.
(3) Kula Vematta
Kula vematta
is the difference in clan in which Buddhas belonged.
Buddhas Kakusandha, KoÓÈgamana and Kassapa were born in brahmin clans while the
remaining twenty-two Buddhas were born in aristocratic clans. When people in the world
recognized the supremacy of aristocrats, Buddhas came from aristocratic clans. When they
recognized the supremacy of brahmins, Buddhas belonged to brahmin clans.
(4) PadhÈna Vematta
PadhÈna vematta
is the difference in duration of
dukkaracariyÈ
.
Seven Buddhas, namely, DÊpa~karÈ, KoÓÉaÒÒa, SumanÈ, AnomadassÊ, SujÈtÈ, Siddhattha,
and Kakusandha, practised
dukkaracariyÈ
for ten months.
Four Buddhas, namely, Ma~gala, Sumedha, Tissa and SikhÊ, practised for eight months.
Buddha Revata practised for seven months and Buddha Sobhita, for four months.
Three Buddhas, namely, Paduma, AtthadassÊ, VipassÊ, practised for half a month (fifteen
days).
Four Buddhas, namely, NÈrada, Padumuttara, DhammadassÊ and Kassapa, practised for
seven days.
Buddhas PiyadassÊ, Phussa, Vessabh| and KonÈgamana practised for six months.
Our Buddha Gotama, Lord of the three worlds, endowed with inconceivable attributes,
practised
dukkaracariyÈ
for six years.
As there were reasons for inequality of life span, etc., so was here a reason for the
difference in duration of
dukkaracariyÈ
(especially in the case of Buddha Gotama.) On
investigation, it would be found that it was due to His own deed.
To explain further: In the Pubbakammavilotika BuddhapadÈna, Avataphala Vagga,
ApadÈna PÈli, Vol.1, the Buddha himself says (with regard to His demeritorious deed that
resulted in His practice of
dukkaracariyÈ
for six long years): ‚
Avacaham jotipalo sugatam
kassapam tada, etc
. —— In the lifetime of Buddha Kassapa, I was JotipÈla, a brahmin youth.
Then I foolishly offended Him saying: ‘How can this shaven headed man attain knowledge
of arahantship and Omniscience which are indeed very difficult to attain.’ Because of that
verbal misdeed, I had to practise
dukkaracariyÈ
for six long years in my final existence.‛
In view of the fact that it is directly mentioned in the Text that the Buddha had to spend
six years for the practice of
dukkaracariyÈ
on account of His offence, it is understandable
that those Buddhas who had to practise it only for seven days did so in accordance with
their sufficiently great acts of merit.
Therefore, it should be stated that the difference in duration of practice of
dukkaracariyÈ
was effected by their actions.
Though there were differences in the duration of their ascetic practices (
padhÈna-viriya
)
just before their attainments of Buddhahood, once they attained the goal, the degrees of the
efforts they put forth (
payatta-viriya
) being one of the six glories of a Buddha, are one and