THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1668
continuously decaying without interruption. There is no sign of impairment only
because every decaying object is being endlessly replaced by a newly conditioned
thing.‛)
8.
UpekkhÈ
observed without making efforts to maintain neutrality on these correlated
dhammas
that are well balanced in their respective functions is called
Tatramajjhattat'upekkhÈ.
9. In developing
jhÈna
, remaining indifferent to the sublime bliss that appears at the
third
jhÈna
is called JhÈn'upekkhÈ. (It is the
upekkhÈ
that is acquired only at the final
jhÈna
.)
10. Being purified of all opposing factors and requiring no effort in pacifying them is
called Parisuddh'upekkhÈ. (It is the equanimity at the fourth
jhÈna
stage which is free
of all opposing factors.)
Of these ten, the six, namely, Chalang'upekkhÈ, BrahmavihÈr'upekkhÈ, Bojjha~g'upekkhÈ,
Tatramajjhattat'upekkhÈ, JhÈn'upekkhÈ and Parisuddh’upekkhÈ, are the same in their
ultimate sense. They are all TatramajjhattatÈ cetasikas.
Why are they then enumerated as six kinds? Because they differ from one another in
their time of arising. A simile is given in the above-quoted Commentaries to explain this
point. A man, in his childhood, is called
kumÈra
(boy); when he becomes older, he is called
yuva
(youth); again, when he becomes older, he is called
vuddha
(adult),
senapati
(general),
raja
(king), etc. A man is thus called differently according to the stages in his life.
To make it clearer: Their distinctions are due to the differences in their functions which
are as follows:
(1) As has been stated before, to contemplate all six sense objects, good and bad, with
equanimity is the Function of Chalang'upekkhÈ.
(2) To contemplate happiness and suffering of beings with equanimity is the function of
BrahmavihÈr'upekkhÈ.
(3) In striving to achieve the
jhÈnas
, Path and Fruition states, to contemplate with
equanimity the hindrances that are to be removed is the function of
Bojjha~g'upekkhÈ.
(4) To develop energy neither more nor less than what is required is the function of
Viriya'upekkhÈ.
(5) To contemplate with equanimity all correlated factors without encouraging or
suppressing is the function of Sa~khÈr'upekkhÈ.
(6) To contemplate sensations with equanimity is the function of Vedan'upekkhÈ.
(7) To contemplate with equanimity the three characteristics (
anicca, dukkha
and
anatta
)
is the function of Vipassan'upekkhÈ.
(8) To contemplate with equanimity the associated factors which are well balanced is the
function of Tatramajjhattat’upekkhÈ.
(9) To contemplate with equanimity even the most sublime bliss of
jhÈnas
is the function
of JhÈn'upekkhÈ.
(10) To contemplate with equanimity which is purified of all opposing factors is the
function of Parisuddh'upekkhÈ.
Thus, not only the differences of functions but those of sense objects should be noted.
VÊriy'upekkhÈ is
vÊriya cetasika
and Vedan'upekkhÈ is
vedanÈ cetasika
: these two
upekkhÈs
are quite separate from other
cetasikas
in terms of
Dhamma
. Sa~khÈr'upekkhÈ and
VÊriy'upekkhÈ are both
paÒÒÈ
cetasikas
. But they have two different functions as follows:
Contemplating without making special efforts on the three characteristics of
conditioned things (
sa~khÈra
) is Vipassan'upekkhÈ; equanimity, when
contemplating without fear of the conditioned things (
sa~khÈra
), is
Sa~khar'upekkhÈ.
UpekkhÈ as A Perfection and The Ten UpekkhÈs