THE ANUD¢PAN¢
endowed with. These fifteen are known in PÈli as fifteen
MettÈpubbabhÈga
, i.e. virtues to
be endowed with before developing
mettÈ
.
The Sutta says:
He who is clever in what is noble and profitable and who desires to abide contemplating
NibbÈna through his wisdom, i.e. NibbÈna which is peaceful and blissful, should endeavour
to be endowed with the following:
(1) ability to execute what is good,
(2) uprightness in conduct,
(3) total straightforwardness,
(4) being receptive to the words of the wise,
(5) gentleness in manners,
(6) having no conceit,
(7) being easily contented with what one has,
(8) being easy to support,
(9) not being burdened by unnecessary cares and duties,
(10) frugal living (i.e. not being saddled with too many personal belongings for one's
travel; a
bhikkhu
should travel light only with his eight requisites just as a bird
flies taking with it only its wings),
(11) having calm and serene sense-faculties,
(12) mature wisdom with regard to faultless things,
(13) modesty in one's deeds, words and thoughts,
(14) having no attachment to one's supporters, male or female, (which is particularly
concerned with
bhikkhus
as the Sutta is originally meant for them. Lay people also
should not have attachment to friends),
(15) not doing even the slightest deed that would be reproved by the wise.
The Sutta explains how to develop
mettÈ
after becoming endowed with these fifteen
virtues saying: ‚
Sukhino vÈ khemino hontu, sabbasattÈ bhavantu sukhitattÈ
‛ etc.
How to develop
mettÈ
, as taught in the MettÈ Sutta, should be briefly noted as follows:
(a) Sabbasa~gÈhika mettÈ: ‘
MettÈ
developed in an all inclusive manner covering all
beings.’
(b) DukabbhÈvanÈ mettÈ: ‘
MettÈ
developed by dividing beings into two groups.’
(c) TikabhÈvanÈ mettÈ: ‘
MettÈ
developed by dividing beings into three groups.’
(a) Sabbasa~gÈhika MettÈ.
Of these three ways of development of
mettÈ
, that of Sabbasa~gÈhika mettÈ is explained
in PÈli as suffusing thus:
Sukhino vÈ khemino hontu, sabba sattÈ bhavantu sukhitattÈ,
If one
wishes to develop
mettÈ
according to this explanation one should keep reciting and
contemplating as follows:
(1) Sabbe sattÈ sukino hontu - ‘May all beings be happy physically’,
(2) Sabbe sattÈ khemino hontu - ‘May all beings be free from dangers’,
(3) Sabbe sattÈ sukhitattÈ hontu - ‘May all beings be happy mentally’.
This is the development of Sabbasa~gÈhika mettÈ as taught in the MettÈ Sutta.
(b) DukabbhÈvanÈ MettÈ
DukabbhÈvanÈ mettÈ and TikabhÈvanÈ mettÈ are both likely to be confusing to those who
do not know how to interpret the PÈli text. (How one may get confused will not be
explained, lest it should cause more complications.) The DukabbhÈvanÈ mettÈ is developed
as follows: