THE ANUD¢PAN¢
adosa cetasika
(mental concomitant of hatelessness) which has wide connotation.
MettÈ
forms a part of that mental concomitant of
adosa
.
To explain further: According to the Abhidhammattha Sa~gaha,
adosa cetasika
is
associated with 59
sobhana-cittas
. Whenever these 59
cittas
arise, there arises
adosa
cetasika
, too.
Adosa
can contemplate various objects, but
mettÈ
can have only living beings
as its object. In performing different acts of
dÈna
or observing various kinds of
sÊla
, there
invariably arises
adosa
. But each time
adosa
arises in this way, it is not necessarily
mettÈ
.
Only when one contemplates living beings with the thought ‚may they be well and happy‛,
wishing them prosperity, can
adosa cetasika
be called
mettÈ
.
With reference to the aforesaid, KhantÊ PÈramÊ (Perfection of Forbearance), too,
khantÊ
may mean
adosa cetasika
, but not all
adosa cetasikas
are
khantÊ
; when one is wronged by
others, one restrains oneself from showing
dosa
(hate or anger) to them, and it has been
discussed that only such
adosa
should be taken as
khantÊ
. Similarly, not all
adosa
should be
taken as
mettÈ
, but only that
adosa
that arises in the form of goodwill towards other beings
should be.
528 Kinds of MettÈ
With reference to
mettÈ
, people say that
mettÈ
is of 528 kinds. But in reality it is not so. It
should be noted people say so because according to the PatisambhidÈmagga there are 528
ways of developing
mettÈ
.
Of the 528 ways, five are
anodhisa
(without specifications of beings). They are:
(1) sabbe sattÈ (all beings)
(2) sabbe panÈ (all living things)
(3) sabbe bh|tÈ (all existing creatures)
(4) sabbe puggala (all persons or individuals)
(5) sabbe attabhÈvapariyÈpannÈ (all those who have come to individual existences.)
When one directs one's thought to all beings that exist in the 31 planes of existence in any
one of these five ways, they all are embraced without any one of them being left out. Since
there is none who is not covered by these five ways, these five are called five
anodhisas
.
(Or also called five
anodhisa
individuals.) ‚
Odhi
‛ of ‚
anodhisa
‛ means ‚boundary; limit‛.
Hence ‚
anodhisa
‛ is ‚having no limit.‛
(The next paragraph on the usage of ‘
satta
’ and ‘
puggala
’ deals only with the meaning of
those words in Myanmar; it is, therefore, left out from our translation.) When
mettÈ
is
directed towards beings who are specified, the classification is as follows:
(1) sabbÈ itthiyo (all females)
(2) sabbe pursÈ (all males)
(3) sabbe ariya (all noble persons,
ariyas
)
(4) sabbe anariya (all ignoble persons, those who have not yet attained the state of
ariyas
)
(5) sabbe deva (all devas)
(6) sabbe manussÈ (all humans)
(7) sabbe vinipÈtikÈ (
petas
belonging to miserable states).
Each of these seven belongs to a separate category of beings and they are accordingly
called odhisa (or seven
odhisa
beings).
In this way, there are twelve kinds of beings, five
anodhisa
(unspecified) and seven
odhisa
(specified), to whom
mettÈ
should be directed.
How
mettÈ
is directed to these twelve categories of beings is taught as follows:
(1) averÈ hontu (may they be free from enmity)
(2) abyÈpajjÈ hontu (may they be free from ill will)