THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1654
by his father because on the day he was born it rained heavily in the whole country of KÈsi
and people became wet and happy.) When the prince was one month old, while he was in
the lap of his father, four thieves were brought to the King, who ordered them to be
punished. The Prince was shocked to see this and became sad, thinking: ‚What shall I do to
escape from this palace.‛
The next day, while he was staying alone under the white parasol, he reflected on his
father's action and was scared to become a king. To him, who was pale like a lotus flower
crushed by hand, the guardian goddess of the parasol, who was his mother in one of his
previous births, said: ‚Do not worry, son, if you want to escape from this royal residence,
resolve to pretend to be dumb, deaf and mute. Your wish will be fulfilled.‛ Then the Prince
made a resolution and acted accordingly.
For sixteen years the Prince was tested by various means, but he remained firm without
deviating from his resolution. Then the father ordered: ‚My son is really dumb, deaf and
mute. Take him to the cemetery and bury him there.‛
Although he was variously tested and presented with difficulties for sixteen long years,
he remained resolute, like the example of a rocky mountain mentioned in the
BuddhavaÑsa. His firm, unshaken determination is an act of tremendous resoluteness. Only
when one fulfils one's Vata resolution with the kind of determination of Prince Temiya,
with all might and valour and without wavering, will one be carrying out the fulfilment of
the Perfection of Resolution as observed by Bodhisattas.
(i) The Perfection of Loving-kindness (MettÈ-PÈramÊ)
Three Kinds of Pema
Teachers of old have translated the word ‚
mettÈ
‛ of
mettÈ-pÈramÊ
into Myanmar (love).
Similarly, they translate ‚
pema
‛ also as love. ‚Love‛ meant by
mettÈ
is a specialised term
while ‚love‛ meant by
pema
is a general one. Therefore, pema is divided into three:
(1) TaÓhÈ-pema is love between men and women and is generated by craving, greed; this
love is called
singara
in books on rhetoric.
(2) Gehasita-pema is attachment between parents and children, among brothers and sisters,
and is based on living together in the same house. This kind of love is called
vacchala
in rhetoric.
Both taÓhÈ-pema and gehasita-pema are not wholesome, the former is passion (
taÓhÈ-
rÈga
) while the latter, greed (
lobha
).
(3) MettÈ-pema is loving-kindness or unbounded benevolence shown towards others for
their wellbeing. This love is entirely free from attachment or desire to live always
together with others. People may be living poles apart and yet one is happy to hear that
those living far away are prosperous. Such separation does not prevent one from
feeling satisfied with their wellbeing. Therefore,
mettÈ
is pure and noble and has been
also called Brahma-vihÈra (Sublime Abode). That is to say, developing such love is
living in a sublime state of mind. Not only
mettÈ
, but
karuÓÈ
(compassion),
muditÈ
(altruistic joy) and
upekkhÈ
(equanimity) are also Brahma-vihÈra.
So
Brahma-vihÈra
comprises all these four virtues. They are also known as four
Brahma-
cariya
(Noble Practices). (Another name for
Brahma-vihÈra
is
ApamaÒÒÈ
(Illimitable), for
they are the mental qualities to be developed and extended towards all beings whose
number is limitless.)
It should be carefully noted that development of loving-kindness is not development of
impure
taÓhÈ-pema
and
gehasita-pema
, but that of pure and noble
mettÈ-pema
. How to
develop
mettÈ
will be shown later.
MettÈ and Adosa
MettÈ is a reality which exists in its ultimate sense (
Paramattha
). But when ultimate
realities are enumerated,
mettÈ
is not shown as a separate item for it is covered by the term