THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1650
When an
anÈgÈmin
or an
arahat
who is endowed with all eight
samÈpattis
is about to
enter upon
nirodha-samÈpatti
, he resolves thus: ‚During the period of my absorption in the
samÈpatti
, let no destruction befall my belongings that are kept apart from me. If the
Sangha wants my presence, may I be able to rise from my
samÈpatti
before the messenger
comes to me. Promptly, may I be able to do so when the Buddha summons me.‛ Only after
resolving thus he enters upon
samÈpatti
.
In accordance with his resolution, during the period of his absorption in the
samÈpatti
, his
personal effects kept apart from him cannot be destroyed by the five kinds of enemy.
When the Sangha wants him during that very period, he has already arisen from his
samÈpatti
before the messenger's arrival. No sooner has the Buddha called for him, then he
emerges from his
samÈpatti
. No damage can be done by the five enemies to his
possessions, such as robes, etc. that are on his body because of the power of his
samÈpatti
even though he has not resolved previously for their safety.
Three Kinds of AdhiÔÔhÈna
Resolution is of three kinds, according to context:
(1) Pubbanimitta AdhiÔÔhÈna (Resolution made so that portending signs appear before
something happens);
(2) Œsisa AdhiÔÔhÈna (Resolution made so that one's dream comes true); and
(3) Vata AdhiÔÔhÈna (Resolution made so that one's duties are fulfilled).
(1) Pubbanimitta AdhiÔÔhÈna
This kind of AdhiÔÔhÈna may be understood from the Campeyya JÈtaka of the VÊsati
NipÈta and other stories. The extract from the Campeyya JÈtaka in brief is: When the NÈga
King Campeyya told his Queen Sumana that he would go to the human abode to observe
precepts, the Queen said: ‚The human abode is full of dangers. If something happens to
you by which signs should I know?‛ The NÈga King took her to the royal pond and said:
‚Look at the pond. Should I be caught by an enemy, the water will become dark. Should I
be caught by a Garula, the water will boil. Should I be caught by a snake-charmer, the
water will turn red like blood.‛ After that the NÈga King left for the human abode to
observe precepts for fourteen days.
But the King could not return home even after about a month for he was caught by a
snake-charmer. Worried about his safety, the Queen went to the pond and saw the surface
of the water turned red like blood.
This resolution of the NÈga King Campeyya is Pubbanimitta AdhiÔÔhÈna because he made
the firm determination beforehand for the appearance of portending signs.
Similarly, according to the Introduction to the JÈtaka Commentary, when Prince
Siddhattha renounced the world, he cut off his hair and threw it up into the sky resolving:
"May this hair remain in the sky if I would become enlightened; if not let it fall back to the
ground." The hair hanged in the sky like a festoon. This resolution, too, made to know in
advance whether or not he would become a Buddha is Pubbanimitta Adhitthana.
Again, after six years of strenuous asceticism, after He had eaten the milk-rice offered by
SujÈtÈ on the bank of the NeraÒjarÈ, He set the golden bowl afloat on the river with the
resolution: ‚If I would become a Buddha, may this bowl go upstream; if not, may it go
downstream,‛ and the bowl went upstream until it reached the NÈga King KÈla. The
resolution in this account also is a Pubbanimitta AdhiÔÔhÈna.
Similarly, any resolution made in the world to know beforehand by portent whether one's
wish will be fulfilled or not is Pubbanimitta AdhiÔÔhÈna. This kind of
adhiÔÔhÈna
is still
practised today and is thus well known. Some people are used to lifting the stone placed at
a famous pagoda or at a nat (spirit) shrine after resolving: ‚If my plan would materialise,
may the stone be heavy; if not may it be light,‛ or vice versa. After lifting the stone, they
read the omen whether they would succeed or not from the feel of the stone's weight.
(2) ŒsÊsa AdhiÔÔhÈna