THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1636
fact, it is a verbal evil called ‘harsh speech’ (
pharusa-vÈcÈ
). In other words, it is the kind of
abusive words uttered by mean persons.
SaddahÈpana-sacca
may be understood not only from the Bhisa JÈtaka but also from the
Sutasoma Story of the Asiti NipÈta of the JÈtaka. A summary of this latter story runs as
follows.
(Once the cannibal Porisada, who formerly was King of BÈrÈÓasÊ but now living in a
forest, made a vow to bathe the trunk of a banyan tree with the blood of a hundred and one
kings if his foot that was pierced by an acacia thorn were healed in seven days. The foot
was healed and he succeeded in capturing one hundred princes. At the command of the
deity of the tree to make the number of captured kings complete, he was to catch King
Sutasoma of Kuru. He managed to do so while Sutasoma was returning from MigÈjina Park
and carried him away on his shoulder.) Then, Sutasoma said: ‚I have to go home for a
while. Because, on my way to Migajina Park, I met a Brahmin Nanda, who offered to teach
me four verses worth four hundred pieces. I have promised him to learn them on my way
back from the Park and asked him to wait. Let me go and learn the verses and keep my
promise. After that I will come back to you.‛
‚You sound like saying: ‘Having been freed from the hands of death, I will come back to
death!’ ‛ replied the man-eater. ‚I do not believe you.‛
Then Sutasoma said: ‚Friend PorisÈda, in the world, death after living a virtuous life is
better than a long life full of wickedness, as it is blamed by others. Words uttered not
truthfully cannot protect one from rebirth in a woeful state after one's death. Friend
PorisÈda, you may rather believe if somebody were to say: ‘The strong winds blew away
rocky mountains into the sky’, or ‘The sun and the moon have fallen to earth’, or ‘All
rivers flow upstream’, but you never believe if somebody says: ‘Sutasoma tells lies.’ Friend
PorisÈda, if somebody says: ‘The sky has been split up’, or ‘The Ocean has dried up’, or
‘Mount Meru has been wiped out without a trace’, you may believe it. But never do you
believe if somebody says: ‘Sutasoma tells lies.’ ‛ Still PorisÈda was not fully convinced.
As PorisÈda remained adamant MahÈsutasoma thought: ‚This PorisÈda still do not believe
me. I will make him believe by taking an oath.‛ So he said: ‚Friend PorisÈda, please put me
down from your shoulder. I will convince you by taking an oath.‛ Porisada then put him
down from his shoulder. ‚Friend PorisÈda, I will hold the sword and the spear and take the
oath. I will take leave of you for a short time and will fulfil my promise given to Brahmin
Nanda to learn the verse from him in the city. Then I will come back to you to keep my
promise. If I do not say the truth may I not gain rebirth in a royal family, well protected by
weapons such as this sword and this spear.‛
Then PorisÈda thought: ‚This King Sutasoma has taken an oath which ordinary kings dare
not do. No matter whether he comes back or not, I too am a king. If he does not come
back, I will get the blood out of my arm to sacrifice it for the deity of the banyan tree.‛
Thus thinking PorisÈda set Bodhisatta Sutasoma free.)
This verbal truth of King MahÈsutasoma uttered to convince PorisÈda is also
saddahÈpana-sacca
. This is the kind of Perfection of Truthfulness which Bodhisattas have
to fulfil.
(2) IcchÈp|rana-sacca
This second verbal truth spoken to have one's desire fulfilled may be learnt from the
SuvannasÈma Story, the third story of the MahÈnipÈta of the JÈtaka, as well as from other
stories.
In the SuvannasÈma JÈtaka, the Bodhisatta SuvannasÈma, looking after his blind parents,
went to fetch water from a river. King PÊÄiyakkha, who was out hunting, saw him and shot
him with an arrow, mistaking him for a supernatural being. Being overcome by the
poisonous effect of the arrow, the Bodhisatta became unconscious. King PÊÄiyakkha
brought the Bodhisatta's father and mother to the place where the Bodhisatta remained
lying in a dead faint. On their arrival there, his father Duk|la sat down and lifted his head
while his mother PÈrikÈ sat down, held his feet placing them on her thigh and cried. They