THE ANUD¢PAN¢
exertion so as to develop wholesomeness that has occurred).
(7) SammÈ-sati: Right Mindfulness (Mindfulness so as to be aware of one's body, of
one's feelings, of one's consciousness and of mental hindrances, etc.).
(8) SammÈ-samÈdhi: Right Concentration (The first
jhÈna
, the second
jhÈna
, the third
jhÈna
and the fourth
jhÈna
).
These eight constituents do not arise simultaneously in the mundane fields; they arise in
combination with one another as far as possible. When they come to the supramundane
field, however, all the eight rise simultaneously. Only these eight constituents which arise
simultaneously at the moment of attaining the supramundane Path are collectively called
the Noble Truth of the Path. Thus by the Noble Truth of the Path leading to the Cessation
of Suffering is meant the group of eight factors beginning with Right View that arise as a
whole and simultaneously. The Path which is included together with the Fruition and
NibbÈna in the collection of supramundane phenomena (
magga-phala nibbÈna
) stands for
all these eight constituents which form the Noble Truth of the Path.
Truth of Learning (Pariyatti-sacca) and Truth of Practice (Patipatti-sacca)
The Truths we have so far discussed are those learnt from the Scriptures (Pariyatti-sacca).
But what really counts as Perfection of Truthfulness is the Truth of Practice (Patipatti-
sacca) fulfilled by the Noble Ones such as Bodhisattas and others. The Truth of Practice
means Truthful Speech or Telling the Truth (
vacÊ-sacca
). Fulfilment of such a practice in
one's self is fulfilment of Perfection of Truthfulness. It is the verbal Truth that Bodhisattas
and other Noble Persons fulfil in particular. And this verbal truth is of three kinds:
(1) SaddahÈpana-sacca, the verbal truth told so that one may be believed by others;
(2) IcchÈp|rana-sacca, the verbal truth told so that one's wish may be fulfilled; and
(3) MusÈviramaÓa-sacca, the verbal truth told so that telling lies may be avoided.
(1) SaddahÈpana-sacca
Of these three truths, the way Bodhisattas fulfil SaddahÈpana-sacca is mentioned in the
Bhisa JÈtaka of the Pakinnaka Nipata. The full story of the Bhisa JÈtaka may be read in the
JÈtaka Book. The story in brief is as follows.
The Story of The Bhisa JÈtaka in Brief
Once upon a time, a brahmin youth, MahÈkaÒcana by name, who was born in the city of
BÈrÈÓasÊ, went forth in renunciation into a forest together with ten companions including
his young brothers, one young sister, a male servant, a female servant and a friend. They
made their lodgings at a suitable place near a lotus pond and lived on gathered fruits.
In the beginning they all went out together to look for fruits; talking to one another they
behaved like townsfolk or villagers, not like forest-dwellers. To stop this unpleasant
situation, the eldest brother MahÈkaÒcana said: ‚I alone will go out for fruits. You all stay
behind to practise Dhamma in peace.‛ Then the other brothers said: ‚You are the chief of
us all. It is not proper for you to gather fruits. The sister and the female servant should not
do so either, for they are women. But the rest, eight of us, will do that by turns.‛ This was
agreeable to everyone and the remaining eight male persons gathered fruits on rotation to
feed them all.
As time went by, they became so content that they did not care for fruits but took lotus
sprouts from the nearby pond and shared among themselves in this manner. The one on
duty brought lotus sprouts into the leaf roofed hut and divided them into eleven portions.
The oldest of them took his portion first and, after striking the stone drum, went back to
his place to eat it peacefully and carried on with his practice. When the next senior member
heard the sound of the stone drum he took his share and struck the drum in turn. In this
manner, they took their food one after another, went back to their place to eat and continue
to practise. Thus, they did not see one another unless there was any special reason.
As their practice was so severe, causing Sakka's abode tremble, the King of Devas