THE ANUD¢PAN¢
expected, it will not be suitable for me. I would abandon it and try something else.‛
When energy and concentration are in equilibrium, idleness (
kosajja
) and
restlessness (
uddhacca
) get no chance to arise. Balancing of these two leads to
quick attainment of
jhÈna
or Absorption Concentration (
AppannÈ
).
However, mindfulness-faculty can never be in excess; there may be only its
shortage. In the Text, it is likened to salt, a necessary ingredient of all food
preparations or to a Prime Minister who attends to all the royal business.
Therefore, while maintaining the maximum possible mindfulness, faculties in each
of the two pairs, namely, faith and wisdom, energy and concentration, should be
kept in perfect balance with each other. Excess of any is a disadvantage. In this
connection, the Venerable U Budh has made the following comment in his MahÈ
Satipatthana-Nissaya:
Excess of faith leads to over enthusiasm,
Excess of wisdom leads to craftiness,
Excess of energy leads to restlessness,
Excess of concentration leads to ennui (mental weariness),
But there is never an excess of mindfulness.
(4) DuppaÒÒapuggala parivajjanam — avoiding persons without wisdom.
(
DuppaÒÒa
means an individual who has no wisdom to discern penetratingly such groups
of Dhamma as the aggregates (
khandha
), the bases (
Èyatana
), etc. One should keep oneself
far away from such people.)
(5) PaÒÒavanta puggalasevana — associating with the wise.
(The wise means persons who are possessed of the fifty characteristics of the knowledge
of arising and falling (
udaya bhaya
ÒÈÓa
). For details of the fifty characteristics of
Udhaya
bhaya ÒÈÓa
, PatisambhidÈmagga may be consulted
20
.)
Concerning both items no’s (4) and (5), the commentator is only describing the
developments of the highest (
ukkattha
) type of wisdom. In item (4), a person without
wisdom means one who cannot discern penetratingly the group of Dhammas such as
aggregates and the bases; a person with penetrating knowledge of such Dhammas can only
be one who is of great wisdom. But there are those, who though not possessing wisdom to
discern such subtle Dhammas as aggregates and bases, know ordinary matters concerning
practice of Dhamma: ‚It is proper to make such offering; it is not proper to do so. Precepts
should be observed thus; they should not be observed otherwise.‛ They also know matters
concerning worldly living, ‚This act will prolong one’s life; this act will shorten one's life.‛
Such persons cannot be said to be entirely devoid of wisdom. One should cultivate
association with them too.
In item (5) also, by defining a wise person as one who in possessed of the fifty
characteristics of the knowledge of arising and falling (
udayabbaya-ÒÈÓa
), the
commentator is referring by way of excellence (
ukkattha naya
) only to the wise who are
most highly advanced in VipassanÈ Meditation.
But with regard to acquiring knowledge, the Buddha had expounded in the BuddhavaÑsa:
‚Taking the example of a
bhikkhu
going on alms round to all the houses in serial order
without discrimination, a learner should approach whoever can answer his questions,
regardless of his social or educational status. Therefore, he should avoid only a totally
ignorant one and approach all who can help him in his quest of knowledge.‛
In short, avoiding only those who are completely incapable of answering any questions,
one should associate with those who can furnish him with even the slightest information he
is seeking.
20. May also see Path of Purification by Bhikkhu Nanamoli. Chapter XX para 93-104.