THE ANUD¢PAN¢
(b) Ina paribhoga
Use like owing debt (ina paribhoga): use of requisites by a moral person without due
reflection is like owing a debt. One should reflect every time a robe is used; every time a
morsel of food is eaten. Failing to do so at the time of using these requisites, one should
reflect on them in the morning, at dusk, during the first watch, middle watch and last watch
of the night. If dawn breaks without his making such reflection, he finds himself in the
position of one who owes a debt.
Every time he passes under the roof to enter the dwelling place and after entering it,
every time he sits, every time he lies down, he should make due reflection. In receiving a
requisite of medicine and in using it, he should make reflection. But if he makes reflection
while receiving and fails to do so when using it, he is guilty of an offence. On the other
hand, even if he fails to make reflection when receiving but does when using it, he is free
from guilt.
Four Kinds of Purification of SÊla
If a bhikkhu happens to have committed an offence, he should take a recourse to any of
the four kinds of purification of his morality as mentioned below:
(1) Purification by admission of fault (
desanÈ suddhi
): PatimokkÈsamvara-sÊla is purified
by open declaration of its breach.
(2) Purification by restraint (
samvara suddhi
): Indriyasamvara-sÊla is purified by making
the resolution, ‚Never will I do it again.‛
(3) Purification by search (
pariyetthi suddhi
): Ajivapariuddhi-sÊla is purified by
abandoning wrong search and seeking requisites in a lawful manner.
(4) Purification by reflection (
paccavekkanÈ suddhi
): Paccayasannissita-sÊla is purified by
reflection according to the manner mentioned above.
(c) DÈyajja paribhoga
Use like getting an inheritance (dÈyajja paribhoga): use of requisite by the seven kinds of
Learners (
sekkha
implying Noble Ones who have realized three lower Paths and three
lower Fruition States and the Path of arahatship). These seven kinds of Learners are sons of
the Buddha. Just as a son is a heir to his father, these noble persons, as heirs, make use of
the requisites allowed by the Buddha. (Although the requisites are, in practice, given by the
laity, yet they are allowed by the Buddha and thus they are to be considered as the Buddha's
requisites.)
(d) Sami paribhoga
Use like a master by an arahat (sami paribhoga); worldlings (
puthujjanas
) and Learners
(
sekkhas
) are not free from craving yet and accordingly, they remain subject to craving and
their use of requisites is not as masters but as slaves of craving. On the other hand, Arahats
have been liberated from servitude of craving and their use of requisites is as masters with
full control over craving. Therefore, they can use disgusting things, reflecting on their non-
disgusting nature or they can use non-disgusting things reflecting on their disgusting
nature, or they can use reflecting on them as neither disgusting nor non-disgusting things.
Of these four kinds of use, use like a master by an
arahat
and use like getting an
inheritance are allowable to all. Herein, as said before, use of requisites like a
master is applicable only to
arahats
; but if
sekkhas
and
puthujjanas
use the
requisites by abandoning craving through perception of their foulness, it is like
being liberated from servitude of craving; therefore, this kind of use may also be
classed as use like a master by an
arahat
, sami paribhoga. In the same way,
arahats
and
puthujjanas
may also be considered as inheriting sons of the Buddha.
Use like owing a debt is not allowable, more so is the use like an act of thieving
which is certainly not allowable. Use of requisites after reflection by one endowed
with morality is opposite to use like owing a debt, ina paribhoga and is thus called
use without owing a debt, ananya paribhoga. At the same time
puthujjanas