THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1590
faith can develop much merit. Here, you devotees surely have faith; you have things to
give away in charity; and indeed, I am a donee. If I do not accept your alms, your merit
will decline. So out of compassion for you, I should accept your alms although I am not in
need of them.‛ So saying, he accepts cartloads of robes and food, numerous dwelling
places and large quantities of medicine. Thus, though he is avaricious, he pretends to be of
little wants, and uses coarse requisites to make others think highly of him. This is called
Paccaya patisevana kuhana, hypocrisy in use of requisites.
(ii) Without saying directly: ‚I have already attained
jhÈna, magga
and
phala‛
, he makes
other people think that he is already in possession of them by insinuating: ‚The
bhikkhu
who wears such kind of robes is powerful, the
bhikkhu
who carries such a kind of bowl,
such a kind of water filter, such a kind of water strainer, such a kind of waist-band, such a
kind of sandal, is powerful.‛ This is called SÈmanta Jappana, hypocrisy in talk on subjects
close to attainments of
jhÈna
,
magga
and
phala
.
(iii) Determined on gaining the praise and high esteem of lay devotees, the
bhikkhu
thinks: ‚If I were to walk like this, people will praise me and think highly of me,‛ and
effects the deportment of Noble Ones in going, standing, sitting and lying down. This is
called IriyÈpatha saÓÔhapana, hypocrisy in change of posture to deceive lay devotees.
(2) Lapana means talking with an evil motive. When the
bhikkhu
sees people coming to the
monastery, he speaks to them first: ‚
Dayaka
, for what purpose do you come here? Do you
come here to invite
bhikkhus
? If so, you go ahead, I will follow you carrying the bowl‛ or
he says: ‚I am Tissa Thera. The king reveres me. The ministers revere me,‛ etc. While
talking with the people, he takes care not to go against them, or to bore them, thus avoiding
their displeasure. He flatters them, calling: ‚a great banker‛, ‚a great miller‛, etc. Talking
thus in many ways to wheedle alms from lay devotees is called Lapana.
(3) NemittikatÈ means hinting by making signs or giving indications with an evil motive to
induce charity. For example, seeing a man carrying some food, he gives an indication that
he also wants some food by saying: ‚Have you already got food? Where have you got it
from? How do you manage to get it?‛ etc. Seeing cowherds, he points to the calves and
says: ‚Do these calves grow up on milk or water?‛ The cowherds reply: ‚Venerable sir, the
calves grow up on milk.‛ ‚I don't think so. Should the calves get milk, the
bhikkhus
would
have got it, too‛, etc. thus sending the message through to their parents to offer them milk.
Hinting thus to induce charity is called NemittikatÈ.
The forms of talk which gives more direct and glaring indications of what one wants is
called
sÈmanta jappa
. Both
nemittikatÈ
and
sÈmanta jappa
being different kinds of
Lapana
,
are of evil nature.
In describing the
sÈmanta jappa
kind of talk which indicates unmistakably the object of
desire, the Visuddhi-magga gives the story of a
kulupaka bhikkhu
, a bhikkhu who
habitually visited lay people.
The Story of A Kulupaka Bhikkhu
Wanting a meal, a
bhikkhu
, who was in the habit of visiting lay people, entered a house
and took a seat uninvited. Seeing the
bhikkhu
and unwilling to give food to him, the woman
of the house grumbled: ‚I haven't got any rice,‛ went out as though to look for some and
stayed at a nearby house. The
bhikkhu
then stealthily went into an inner room and looking
everywhere saw sugarcane in the corner behind the door, lumps of jaggery in a bowl,
flattened piece of dried fish in a basket, rice in a pot and butter in a jar. Thereafter, he
returned to his seat and sat there as before.
The woman came back murmuring: ‚I didn't get any rice.‛ The
bhikkhu
then said:
‚
Dayika
, this morning I saw some signs suggesting that I would get nothing to eat.‛ ‚What
signs, Venerable Sir?‛ the woman asked. ‚As I came to this house for alms-food, I saw on
the way a snake as big as sugarcane in the corner behind the door. To drive it away, I
looked for something and found a stone which was as big as the lump of jaggery in your
bowl. When I hurled the stone at the snake, its hood spread out to the size of the piece of
flattened dried fish in your basket. When the snake opened its mouth to bite the stone it