THE ANUD¢PAN¢
(a) Brahmuposatha - Noble
11
Uposatha
(b) Dhammuposatha - Dhamma Uposatha
(c) SaÓghuposatha - Sangha Uposatha
(d) SÊluposatha - SÊla Uposatha
(e) Devatuposatha - Devata Uposatha
(f) Atthanguposatha - Uposatha with the eight
precepts
(a) The
uposatha
that is observed by taking the Eight Precepts and repeatedly recollecting
the special attributes of the Buddha such as Araham, etc. is called Brahmuposatha.
(b) The
uposatha
that is observed by taking the Eight Precepts and repeatedly recollecting
the special attributes of the Dhamma is called Dhammuposatha.
(c) The
uposatha
that is observed by taking the Eight Precepts and repeatedly recollecting
the special attributes of the Sangha is called SaÓghuposatha.
(d) The
uposatha
that is observed by taking the Eight Precepts, observing without breaking
any of them and repeatedly recollecting the special attributes of
sÊla
is called
Siluposatha.
(e) Reflecting that ‚there are in the world devas and BrahmÈs who have endowed
themselves with noble qualities of pure faith, morality, learning, generosity, and
wisdom in their previous births and as a result are reborn in the realm of devas and
Brahmas; such noble qualities are present in me, too‛, one observes the
uposatha
comparing himself with
devatÈs
. Such
uposatha
is called Devatuposatha. (Here
devatÈ
stands for both devas and BrahmÈs.)
(f) After taking the Eight Precepts, one reflects thus: ‚Just as
arahats
never kill or harm
any living being and always have compassion for them, so also I do not kill or harm
any living being and have compassion for them; by this practice, I am following the
way of
arahats
.‛ The
uposatha
observed in this manner reflecting on each of the eight
precepts is called Atthanguposatha.
It should be noted that the division of
uposatha
into the three and the six kinds is in
reference to the manner of keeping it. Primarily, however, the
sÊla
which is observed is of
two kinds only, Atthanga Uposatha SÊla and NavaÒga Uposatha SÊla as already stated
above.
Three Kinds of Uposatha Day
The classification below is made in the light of the A~guttara NikÈya
(Tika Nipata, 4.
Devadutadvagga, 7. Raja Sutta, etc.), which says: ‚
uposatham upavasanti patijagaronti
‛
and
cÈtuddasim paÒcaddasim,
yÈ ca pakkhassa atthami,
pÈtihÈriya pakkhaÒ ca,
atthanga susamÈgatam.
(1) Pakati Uposatha (Ordinary Uposatha Day)
In the above PÈli verse, the lines reading ‚
cÈtuddasim paÒaddasim, yÈ ca pakkhassa
atthami
‛ refer to ordinary Uposatha days. In accordance with this, each fortnight of a
month, waxing or waning, has three
uposatha
days, namely, the eighth, the fourteenth and
the fifteenth days. Therefore, a month has six Uposatha days, which are called ordinary
Uposatha days. In the Commentary, however, the waxing fortnight has four Uposatha days,
11. Noble: BrahmÈ; here BrahmÈ refers to the Buddha, the Noblest Being.