THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1558
As regards having faith in the law of cause and effect, mentioned above, we should
reflect thus: ‚I will have spent a certain amount of my wealth by offering this
dÈna,
but it
will not be spent in vain. Through this act of
dÈna
, I will have developed volitions which is
much more precious than the wealth I will have spent. My wealth is liable to be destroyed
by five kinds of enemies, but this mental action of volition is indestructible and will follow
me through rounds of existence till I attain NibbÈna. Ability to keep the mind clear and
pure in this manner is having faith in the law of cause, the mental action of volition.‛
And considering the results that would accrue from the mental action, we will come to a
very clear, definite conclusion: ‚Because of this mental action of volition, I will reap
beneficial results throughout the rounds of existence, there is no doubt about it‛. Reflecting
thus and experiencing the exhilarating purity of the mind is having faith in the law of
effect.
Thus, it is important to develop, through reflecting on the law of cause or the law of
effect, faith which is conducive to purity of mind, for it is the fifth element that strengthens
the beneficial results of
dÈna
.
(b) The Perfection of Morality (SÊla-PÈramÊ)
The Game Animal CÈmarÊ
The author gives an elaborate description of the animal,
cÈmarÊ
, which we have
translated as ‘yak’. He quotes various authorities to dispel the notion of many
people that
cÈmarÊ
is a kind of winged animal. Far from it, the author says on the
authority of Abhayarama Sayadaw of Mandalay, and Taung Pauk Sayadaw of
Mawlamyine that it is a yak, a Tibetan beast of burden, useful also for its milk and
flesh. The fan made of its tail is one of the emblems of royalty.
Wishing to prevent damage, the yak will sacrifice its life rather then making any effort to
release it, when even a single hair of its tail happens to be caught in the branches of a bush.
Sumedha admonished himself to take the example set by a yak and preserve the purity of
morality even at the risk of his life.
Miscellaneous Notes on Different Respects of Morality
As with Perfection of DÈna, these notes are given in the form of answers to the following
questions; quoting the authority of the Visuddhi-magga, the Path of Purification:
(1) What is Morality?
(2) Why is it called Morality ?
(3) What are the characteristics, functions, manifestations, and proximate cause
of Morality?
(4) What are the benefits of Morality ?
(5) How many types of Morality are there ?
(6) What are the defiling factors of Morality ?
(7) What are the purifying factors of Morality ?
Exposition of Morality
1. WHAT IS MORALITY?
Various factors, which may be defined as Morality, are mental volition (
cetanÈ
) which
arises in the person who abstains from wrong physical actions, such as killing, etc., or
which arises when performing duties towards one's elders, teachers, etc.; the three mental
factors of abstention (
virati
), i.e. right speech, right action, and right livelihood;
greedlessness (
alobha
or
anabhijjhÈ
), absence of ill-will (
adosa
or
abyÈpÈda
), right view
(
sammÈ-diÔÔhi
or
amoha
); the five restraints (to be described in full later) and the mental
factor of
avitikkama
.