THE ANUD¢PAN¢
Offering made with proper and careful preparation (Sakkacca-dÈna) and offering made
without proper and careful preparation (Asakkacca-dÈna).
As an example, offering of flowers may be cited. Having gathered flowers from trees, a
donor creates garlands of festoon with them, and arranges them to look as beautiful and as
pleasant as possible, and makes his offering of flowers, then it is a
sakkacca-dÈna
, offering
made with proper and careful preparations. Without such careful preparations, when
flowers are presented as they have been gathered from trees, thinking that the mere gift of
the flowers is sufficient in itself, then it is
asakkacca-dÈna
, offering made without proper
and careful preparations.
Some ancient writers have translated ‘
sakkacca-dÈna
’ and ‘
asakkacca-dÈna
’ into
Myanmar to mean ‘offering made with due respect’ and ‘offering made without due
respect’. This rendering has, as often as not, misled the modern readers to think that it
means paying due respect or without paying due respect to the receiver of the offering.
Actually, ‘paying due respect’ here means simply ‘making careful preparations’ for the
offering.
8. NÈnasampayutta/NaÓavippayutta DÈna
Offering associated with wisdom (NÈnasampayutta-dÈna) and offering unassociated with
wisdom (NaÓavippayutta-dÈna).
Offering made with clear comprehension of volitional acts and the results they produce is
said to be an offering associated with wisdom. When an offering is made without such
comprehension and awareness, by just following examples of others making donation, it is
naÓavippayutta-dÈna
. It must be mentioned that just awareness of cause and its ensuing
effect, while an offering is being made, is sufficient to make it an offering which is
associated with wisdom. In this connection, an explanation is necessary with respect to
some exhortations which run like this: ‘Whenever an offering is made, it should be
accompanied by Insight Knowledge (
vipassanÈ-ÒÈÓa
), in this manner, I, the donor of the
gift, am
anicca
, of impermanent nature; and the recipient of the gift is also
anicca
, of
impermanent nature. The impermanent I am offering the impermanent gift to the
impermanent recipient. Thus, you should contemplate whenever you make an offering of
gifts.’
This exhortation is made only to encourage the practice of developing Insight Knowledge
(
vipassanÈ-ÒÈÓa
). It should not be misunderstood that an act of generosity is not one
associated with wisdom, if the donor does not practise contemplation as exhorted.
As a matter of fact, whoever wants to develop real
vipassanÈ
-
ÒÈÓa
should first of all
discard the notion of I, he, man, woman, i.e. the illusion of I, the illusion of Self, to discern
that they are merely material aggregates and mental aggregates. Then one has to go on
contemplating so as to realise that these aggregates of mind and matter are of the nature
impermanence, unsatisfactoriness and insubstantiality. Without differentiation into
aggregates of mind and matter, if one were to contemplate on conventional concepts of ‘I
am
anicca
; the object of offering is
anicca
; the recipient is
anicca’
, no real insight
Knowledge would be possible.
9. Sasa~khÈrika/ Asa~khÈrika DÈna
Offering made hesitatingly and only after being urged is Sasa~khÈrika-dÈna and offering
made spontaneously without being urged is Asa~khÈrika-dÈna.
Here urging means prompting or entreating earnestly someone to give when he is
hesitating or reluctant to do so. Such offering is made only with prompting. But, a simple
request should not be taken as urging. For example, a person, who has not made any
decision whether he will or he will not make a donation, is requested to make some alms
contribution and he gives willingly without any hesitation. This is a spontaneous gift in
response to a simple request. Such is an
asa~khÈrika-dÈna
(one without prompting), and
should not be called a
sasa~khÈrika-dÈna
(just because it is made after a request). Another