THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1512
Such animals like eÓÊ are found in the neighbourhood of the Himalayas. Because its coat is
smooth and very beautiful and not easily available, people treasure it as a symbol of
auspiciousness.
When Bodhisatta Siddhattha was born, the CÈtumahÈrÈjika devas of the four quarters,
received him from the hands of the saintly BrahmÈs of the SuddhÈvÈsa abode with a coat of
this particular animal, i.e. the coat having a soft fur and commonly regarded to be
auspicious. This is mentioned in the introduction of the JÈtaka Commentary and in the
BuddhavaÑsa Commentary as well.
(The author then acknowledges that all that has been discussed regarding the
translation of
ajinacamma
as the hide of a black antelope is the view of the great
scholar U Lin, the previous compiler of The Great Chronicle of Buddhas.)
Matted Hair (JaÔÈ) and Round Head-dress made of Hair (JatÈmaÓÉala)
The difference between the matted hair and the round head-dress made of hair should be
understood. The matted hair is something that is a part of the hermit. In order to save the
trouble of keeping it well groomed, the hermit knotted his hair firmly and tightly. This is
what is meant by ‚matted hair‛.
One of the requisites created and left in the hut by Visukamma as mentioned in the
AÔÔhasÈlinÊ is the round head-dress made of hair called
jatamaÓÉala
. This is a thing
separate from the hermit’s person. It is not a part of him. From the sentence: ‚He put the
head-dress on his topknot and fastened it with an ivory hairpin‛, it is clear that the head-
dress is a thing separate from Sumedha’s hair-knot. It evolved into a hermit’s head-dress of
later times and protects the hair from dust and litter.
(The author here mentions the opinions of the Monyway Zetawun Sayadaw and
MahÈsilavaÑsa who stated that the ‚matted hair‛ and ‚head-dress‛ are the same
thing. But the author concludes his discussion by quoting the CatudhammasÈra
(Kogan) Pyo, Magadha AbhidhÈna, and certain JÈtaka stories which say that they
are two different things. By quoting the CatudhammasÈra Pyo and the Maghadeva
La~ka, the author finally says that just as a snare is used to catch a bird, so also the
matted hair in the form of a snare is worn by a hermit to catch the great bird of
‚the Eightfold Noble Path‛ as soon as it alights in the forest that is ‚his mind‛.
Eight Kinds of Hermits
(The author first explains the derivation of the Myanmar word (hermit) from PÈli and
Sanskrit.)
The word ‚hermit‛ refers to those who are outside the Buddha’s Teaching. Nevertheless,
they should be regarded as holy persons of the time.
The commentary on the Ambattha Sutta of the SÊlakkhanda Vagga enumerates eight kinds
of hermits as follow:
(1) Saputtabhariya. A hermit who piles up wealth and lives a house-holder’s life. (Here the
author mentions KeÓiya of the Buddha’s lifetime as an example.)
(2) UòchÈcariya. A hermit who does not pile up wealth and who does not live a
householder’s life, but who collects unhusked grain from lay people at threshing
grounds and cook his own food.
(3) Anaggipakkika. A hermit who collects husked grain from lay men in villages and
cooks his own food. He thinks husking grain by pounding is not worthy of one who
lives a hermit’s life.
(4) AsÈmapÈka. A hermit who enters a village and collects cooked rice. He thinks cooking
is not worthy of one who lives a hermit’s life.
(5) AyamuÔÔhika (AsmamuÔÔhika). A hermit who takes off the bark of a tree for food by
means of a metal or stone implement. He thinks to collect food each day is wearisome.
(6) Dantavakkalika. A hermit who takes off the bark of a tree with his teeth for food. He
thinks to carry metal or stone implements is wearisome.