THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
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(c) S|rambaÔÔha is named as The Foremost Lay Disciple
Referring to this incident, the Buddha, during His residence at the Jetavana monastery, on
the occasion of naming outstanding lay disciples in accordance with their merits, declared:
‚
Bhikkhus
, among My lay disciples who have unshakeable conviction in
My Teaching, S|rambaÔÔha is the foremost.‛
9. J¢VAKA The Physician
(a) His Past Aspiration
The future JÊvaka was reborn into a worthy family in the city of HaÑsÈvatÊ, during the
time of Buddha Padumuttara. While listening to a sermon by the Buddha, he saw a lay
disciple being named as the foremost among those who had personal devotion to the
Buddha. He aspired to that distinction in future time. After making an extraordinary
offering, he expressed his wish before the Buddha who then prophesied its fulfilment.
(b) His Last Existence as JÊvaka
The future JÊvaka was reborn in the deva realm or the human realm for a hundred
thousand world-cycles, before being reborn, under strange circumstances, in the city of
RÈjagaha, during the time of Buddha Gotama. He was conceived in the womb of a
courtesan named SÈlavatÊ, the conception being caused by Prince Abhaya.
It was the custom of courtesans to nurture only female children whereas male
children were discarded discreetly.
Accordingly, SÈlavatÊ, the courtesan, had her newly-born baby put on an old bamboo tray
and thrown into rubbish heap by a trusted servant without being noticed by anyone. The
child was observed even from a distance by Prince Abhaya who was on his way to attend
on his father King BimbisÈra. He sent his attendants: ‚O men, what is that thing that is
being surrounded by crows?‛ The men went to the rubbish heap and finding the baby, said:
‚My Lord, it is a newly-born baby boy!‛
‚Is he still alive?‛
‚Yes, my Lord, he is.‛
Prince Abhaya had the child taken to his royal residence and taken care. As the Prince's
attendants replied to their master: ‚It is still alive‛ (‘Jivati’), the child was named JÊvaka.
And since he was brought up by Prince Abhaya, he was also called ‘JÊvaka, the adopted son
of the Prince (Abhaya)’.
Young JÊvaka, the adopted son of Prince Abhaya, was sent to Taxila for his education at
the age of sixteen. He learned Medicine and gained mastery of the subject. He became the
King's physician. At one time, he cured King CaÓÉapajjota of a grave illness, for which he
was honoured by that King with five hundred cartloads of rice, sixteen thousand ticals of
silver, a pair of fine cloth made in the Province of KÈsi, and a thousand pieces of cloth to
supplement it.
At that time, the Buddha was staying in the mountain monastery on the side of Gijjhakuta
Hill, near RÈjagaha. JÊvaka, the King's Physician, cured the constipation of the Buddha by
administering a mild laxative. Then it occurred to JÊvaka: ‚It were well if all the four
requisites of the BhagavÈ were my donations,‛ and accordingly, he invited the Buddha to
stay in his Mango Grove as a monastery. After curing the Buddha's illness, he offered the
fine KÈsi cloth to the Buddha and the one thousand pieces of cloth that were supplementary
to it were offered to the Sangha. (This brief account of JÊvaka is based on the Commentary
on the A~guttara NikÈya, Book One, Etadagga Vagga. For a fuller account, the reader is
urged to refer to Vinayo MahÈvagga
,
8-CÊvarakkhandhaka.)
(c) JÊvaka is designated The Foremost Lay Disciple
On one occasion, during the Buddha’s residence at the Jetavana monastery when He
conferred titles to distinguished lay disciples in accordance with their merit, He declared: