Chapter 45
2. ANŒTHAPIªDIKA the Rich Man
(a) His Past Aspiration
The future AnÈthapiÓÉika was reborn into a wealthy family in the city of HaÑsÈvatÊ,
during the time of Buddha Padumuttara. When he was listening a sermon by the Buddha,
he saw a lay disciple being named as the foremost lay disciple among those who delight in
charity. He had a strong desire to become such a distinguished disciple and after making an
extra-ordinary offering to the Buddha, he expressed his aspiration before Him.
(b) His Last Existence as A Rich Man
The future AnÈthapiÓÉika was reborn in fortunate destinations for a hundred thousand
world-cycles and during the time of Buddha Gotama, he was reborn as the son of Sumana,
the Rich Man of SÈvatthi. His name, given by his parents, was Sudattha.
How He came to be known as 'AnÈthapiÓÉika'
Sudattha in time became the head of the family. He earned the reputation of ‘one who
gives food to the destitute’ which in PÈli means
AnÈtha
(destitutes) +
piÓÉika
(rice-giver),
hence AnÈthapiÓÉika. (For more details about this remarkable man refer to Chapter 29.
Here, only a brief account will be given as described in the Commentary on the A~guttara
NikÈya.)
One day, AnÈthapiÓÉika went to RÈjagaha on a trading trip where he visited his friend the
Rich Man of RÈjagaha. There, he learned the great news that the Buddha had appeared in
the world. He could not wait till the city gates of RÈjagaha were open in the next morning
to meet the Buddha. Such was his zeal. So he left the city at dawn with the devas helping
him to have the gate open for his visit. He met the Buddha, benefitted from a discourse by
Him, and was established in the Fruition of Stream Entry-Knowledge. On the next day, he
made a great offering to the Buddha and His Sangha and had the Buddha's consent to visit
SÈvatthi. He returned to SÈvatthi. On the way back to SÈvatthi, he made arrangements with
his friends of each location by providing them with one lakh of money to build a
monastery at interval of one
yojana,
for the temporary residence of the Buddha and His
company of
bhikkhus
. The distance between RÈjagaha and SÈvatthi being forty-five
yojanas
, therefore, he spent forty-five lakhs on the forty-five temporary transit
monasteries. At SÈvatthi, he bought a large park, which was the pleasure garden of Prince
Jeta. He paid the sum of money according to the number of gold coins laid out over the
entire park, with their rims touching each other. This amounted to eighteen crores. On that
piece of land, he built a (golden) monastery costing another eighteen crores. At the formal
dedication ceremony of the Jetavana monastery (meaning monastery built on Jeta's garden),
which lasted for three months (some say five months, some even nine months), a lavish
feast was provided to guests, both in the mornings and in the daytime. This cost him
another additional eighteen crores.
(c) AnÈthapiÓÉika The Foremost Giver
The Jetavana monastery alone cost fifty-four crores. The regular donations to the Buddha
and His Sangha consisted of the following offerings:
five hundred
bhikkhus
were offered with alms-food daily by the ticket system
(
Salaka bhatta
-drawing lots);
five hundred
bhikkhus
were offered with alms-food once during the waxing period
of the month and once during the waning period;
five hundred
bhikkhus
were offered with rice gruel daily by ‘the ticket system;
five hundred
bhikkhus
were offered with rice gruel once during the waxing period
of the month and once during the waning period;
daily offerings of alms-food were made to:
(a) five hundred bhikkhus who had arrived in SÈvatthi recently and who had not
acquainted themselves with the daily route for collecting alms-food;