Chapter 44
(In the sixth sutta of the same SaÑyutta the four questions are dealt with adequately.)
In KhemÈ Sutta, KhemÈ TherÊ's answer was somewhat different; it had the
undercurrent of reference to the Buddha. This was because she knew that the
questioner (Kosalan King) had the Buddha also in mind when asking the four
questions. So, KhemÈ TherÊ's answer in essence was:
The Buddha had (by getting rid of the cause of the five aggregates) rid of the five
aggregates so that what was usually called a ‘sentient being’ was not coming into being
after his death. He was freed from a future set of five aggregates, therefore, there was
nothing that might be referred to as a being or a person. Since the Buddha knew this, a
‘sentient being’ after ‘death was irrelevant for Him to speak of’. Therefore, He
remained silent about the four questions.
One might argue thus: since the Buddha would not acquire a fresh set of the five
aggregates, it is understandable that He refused to answer the first question, i.e. ‘Does
sentient being exist after death?’ But why did He refuse to answer the second question:
‘Does a sentient being not exit after death?’ Should He say: ‘No, it does not’? He
refused to answer this question too because a ‘sentient being’ is not a real thing in the
ultimate sense. (This is the explanation given in the Sub-Commentary.) KhemÈ TherÊ
Sutta is profound in Dhamma. It is a matter for further inquiring for the virtuous.
(c) KhemÈ TherÊ is named as The Foremost BhikkhunÊ
The discourse to the Kosalan King at ToraÓa was the immediate cause of KhemÈ TherÊ's
being designated by the Buddha as the foremost
bhikkhunÊ
in the possession of profound
Knowledge. On one occasion, when the Buddha was residing at the Jetavana monastery, in
a
bhikkhu
congregation, while naming outstanding
bhikkhunÊs
as foremost in their own
areas (of proficiency), He declared:
‚
Bhikkhus
, among My
bhikkhunÊ
-disciples who have profound Knowledge, KhemÈ
TherÊ is the foremost (
etadagga
).‛
This declaration accorded her by the Buddha also had been happily recorded by KhemÈ
TherÊ herself in the following stanzas, in her own life history:
(1) ‚After I had become a
bhikkhunÊ
, I had explained to King Pasenadi of Kosala in
accordance with the Doctrine on the profound questions he put to me at a place
called Torana (which was between SÈvatthi and SÈketa.)
(2) ‚Later the King approached and put these same questions to the Buddha, and He
answered these propound questions exactly as I had answered.
(3) ‚The Conqueror of the five
mÈras
, the Supreme One among all men, being satisfied
with my excellence in expounding the Dhamma, has designated me as the foremost
bhikkhunÊ
among the eminently wise.‛
3. UPPALAVAªªŒ THER¢
(a) Her Past Aspiration
The future UppalavaÓÓÈ TherÊ was born into a worthy family in the city of HaÑsÈvatÊ,
during the time of Buddha Padumutara. On one occasion, she listened to a discourse by the
Buddha in the midst of a big audience, where she saw the Buddha named a
bhikkhunÊ
as the
foremost
bhikkhunÊ
among those endowed with supernormal powers. She aspired to
become such a great
bhikkhunÊ
in the future. She made an extraordinary offering to the
Buddha and His Sangha for seven days. At the end of seven days, she placed seven bunches
of lotus flowers at the feet of the Buddha as her tribute and expressed her aspiration to be
the foremost
bhikkhunÊ
among those endowed with supernormal powers. Buddha
Padumuttara prophesied that her aspiration would be fulfilled.