THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1388
does not exist after death. This is a very profound matter. )
‚The Buddha has given up Sensation.... p ....Perception... p ...Volitional activities...
p ...Consciousness, which may be referred to as a sentient being; has eradicated it
completely, has made it like a palm tree stump, has rendered it incapable of coming
into being again, and has made it impossible to arise in the future.
‚The Buddha who is liberated from being called the aggregate of Consciousness or
the phenomenon of Consciousness is endowed with attributes and disposition or
intention which are as great as the great ocean, beyond measure, incomprehensible.
As for the Buddha the statement, ‘a sentient being exists after death’ is irrelevant
statement,
‘
a sentient being does not exist after death’ is equally irrelevant; the
statement, ‘a sentient being exists as well as does not exist after death’ is equally
irrelevant; the statement, ‘a sentient being neither exists nor does not exist after
death’ is equally irrelevant.‛
(That was the discussion that took place between the Kosalan King and
KhemÈ TherÊ for the second round. Explanations on this will be given later.)
King Pasenadi of Kosala was delighted with the words of KhemÈ TherÊ. He made
obeisance to her and respectfully departed. Later on, the King visited the Buddha and put
the same questions as he did to KhemÈ TherÊ. The Buddha answered them just as KhemÈ
TherÊ did, (These questions and answers may be gleaned from the text.)
When the King found that the Buddha's answers and those of KhemÈ TherÊ were exactly
the same, down to the letter, he was greatly astonished and exclaimed: ‚Marvellous it is,
Venerable Sir! Astounding it is! The Buddha's exposition is exactly the same as that of His
disciple, both in meaning and in words. They are in full agreement without any
discrepancy. Venerable Sir, I had once put these questions to KhemÈ TherÊ and she had
answered to me in exactly the a same way, both in essence and in words. Marvellous it is,
Venerable Sir! Astounding it is! The Buddha's exposition is exactly the same with that of
His disciple, both in meaning and in words. They are in full agreement without any
discrepancy.‛ Then he begged leave of the Buddha. He was greatly delighted with the
Buddha's answers. He rose, made obeisance to the Buddha and respectfully departed.
This is a gist of KhemÈ Sutta.
Explanation:
Why did the Buddha not give any reply to the questions which are so framed: ‘that a
sentient being exists after death’; ‘that a sentient being does not exist after death’; ‘that a
sentient being exists as well as does not exist after death’; ‘that a sentient being neither
exists nor does not exist after death’?
(1) There is, in truth and reality, nothing in the sentient world other than the five
aggregates. There is nothing, in the ultimate sense, such a thing as a sentient being.
Therefore, whether a ‘sentient being’ exist or not is not for the Buddha to say.
(AbyÈkata SaÑyutta; the third sutta therein).
(2) Only to one, who does not understand the nature of the five aggregates according to
the Four Ariya Truths, there arises the problem of a sentient being and its existence or
non-existence, in the said four questions, which occur to him due to Wrong View. To
one who understands the Four Ariya Truths, there is no Wrong View that gives rise to
these four questions. Since the Buddha has the most complete understanding of the
Four Ariya Truths, there do not arise in Him these four questions. That is why He does
not say anything about them. (Ibid., the fourth sutta.)
(3) Such questions, based on wrong view, arise only in one who has not rid of attachment,
or craving for the five aggregates. To one who has no craving for the five aggregates,
they do not occur. The Buddha, who has rid of Craving for the five aggregates
together with any trace of acquired habit, does not have these wrong concepts.
Therefore, He remained silent when these questions were asked. (Ibid., the fifth sutta).