THE GREAT CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
1380
The Passing Away of GotamÊ TherÊ
When GotamÊ TherÊ was of 120 years' age, she was residing at a
bhikkhunÊ
monastery
which was in the city of VesÈlÊ. (As a rule,
bhikkhunÊ
monasteries were set up inside the
town or village.) The Buddha was then staying at the MahÈvana monastery near VesÈlÊ.
One morning, after collecting alms-food in the city and finishing her meal, GotamÊ TherÊ
entered into the attainment of
arahatta-phala
for a predetermined period. After rising from
the
jhÈna
attainment, she remembered the long series of her acquisition of merits in her
past existences and felt very delighted. Then she reviewed her life span. She saw that it had
come to an end. She thought it proper to inform the Buddha at MahÈvana forest about her
approaching death, as well as bidding leave of her passing away to her colleagues who had
been a source of her inspiration such as the two Chief Disciples and co-resident
ariyas
.
Then only she would return to her ‚monastery‛ and pass away. The same idea also arose in
the minds of the five hundred
bhikkhunÊs
of Sakyan origin.
(The touching events concerning the passing away of GotamÊ TherÊ will now be
told based on: (1) The ChiddapidhÈnanÊ (Volume One, Chapter Twelve) by
MahÈvisuddhÈrÈma Sayadaw, and the ApÈdÈna, Khuddaka NikÈya, IV. Only a gist
of those texts is given here.)
The Buddha's step-mother, GotamÊ TherÊ thought: ‚I am not going to live to see the
passing away of my son, the Buddha, nor that of the two Chief Disciples, nor that of my
grandson RÈhula, nor that of my nephew Œnanda. I am going to predecease them. I shall
seek permission to pass away from my son, the Buddha now.‛ The same thoughts also
occurred in the minds of five hundred
bhikkhunÊs
of Sakyan origin.
At that moment, the earth quaked violently. Unseasonable rains thundered in the sky. The
guardian spirits of the
bhikkhunÊ
-monasteries wailed. The five hundred
bhikkhunÊs
went to
GotamÊ TherÊ and told her about the wailing of the guardian spirits and GotamÊ TherÊ told
them her plan to pass away. The five hundred
bhikkhunÊs
also told her their plan likewise.
They all asked the guardian spirits of the monastery to pardon them if they had offended
them in any way. Then, casting her last glance at the ‚monastery‛, GotamÊ TherÊ uttered
this verse:
‚I shall now proceed to the unconditioned (NibbÈna) where there is no aging or
death, no association with beings or things one dislikes, no separation from beings
or things one holds dear.‛
Among those who heard these words, those who had not rid themselves of attachment,
devas and humans alike, wailed miserably. (The touching scene of their lamentation is
vividly described in the PÈli text.)
When the
bhikkhunÊs
came out of their
vihÈra
(nunnery), along the main street, devotees
came out of their homes, and kneeling themselves before GotamÊ TherÊ, wailed, expressing
their deep distress. The Buddha's step-mother, GotamÊ TherÊ, spoke words that help quell
their sorrow. (Her words, rich with the Doctrine, may be gleaned from the PÈli text. This
remark also applies to other stanzas that she was to utter later on.) She uttered nine and a
half stanzas to allay the lamentation of the citizens of VesÈlÊ. When she arrived before the
Buddha, she informed Him of her impending death and asked the Buddha's approval to
release her life-maintaining thought process, in verse, sixteen in all, beginning with the
words:
AhaÑ sugata te mÈtÈ tuÑ ca vÊra pitÈ mama
. The Buddha gave His approval in a
stanza. After that, she recited five stanzas in praise of the Buddha.
Then she asked permission of the Sangha, the Venerable RÈhula, the Venerable Œnanda
and the Venerable Nanda, to approve of her passing away in two stanzas (beginning with
the words, ‚
ÈsÊvisÈlayasame
‛) describing the banefulness of sentient existence. The
Venerables Nanda and RÈhula who were then
arahats
took the words of the great TherÊ as
inspiring emotional religious awakening; but as for the Venerable Œnanda, who was still
training himself for arahatship, they caused much sorrow and lamentation. He expressed
his grief in a stanza beginning with,
‚hÈ santiÑ GotamÊ yÈ it.‛
The great TherÊ solaced her
nephew with words of wisdom.
Thereafter, the Buddha asked GotamÊ TherÊ, in the following verse, to display her