Chapter 43
jÈtijarÈya idha vippahÈnaÑ.
(Venerable Sir,) in all the four cardinal directions, in all the four intermediate
directions, above, and below, in all the ten directions, there is nothing
whatever in the world that the BhagavÈ does not see, hear, know, or
understand. Do show me, here in Your very presence, the supramundane
Dhamma that can abandon rebirth and ageing.
The Buddha again pointed to the necessary practice leading to NibbÈna thus:
TaÓhÈhipanne manuje pekkhamÈno,
santÈpajÈte jarasÈ parete.
TasmÈ tuvaÑ Pi~giya appamatto,
jahassu taÓhÈÑ apunabbhavÈya.
(Pi~giya,) the multitudes are afflicted by their own craving. Having seen
yourself how they are worn out and ruined by the relentless process of
ageing, be heedful (mindful) and abandon craving for sense pleasures, for
continued existence, and for non-existence so that fresh existence may not
arise.
At the end of the discourse, which was directed towards
arahatta-phala
, Pi~giya attained
anÈgÈmÊ-magga
, the Path-Knowledge at the third level. While listening to the discourse,
Pi~giya’s mind was wandering: he felt sorry that his uncle, BÈvarÊ, had missed the
opportunity to hear such a profound exposition. Hence, his failure to attain arahatship.
However, his one thousand pupils became
arahats
. All of them, Pi~giya as an
anÈgÈmin
and his pupils as
arahats
, were called up as
bhikkhus
by the Buddha.
(The question posed by each of the sixteen pupils of BÈvarÊ and the Buddha's
answers to them were compiled as distinct Suttas by the reciters at the Council such
as Ajita Sutta, etc. The background story and the sixteen suttas has been given the
title of PÈrÈyana Sutta because they lead to the yonder shore (NibbÈna) of
saÑsÈra
.)
By the end of PÈrÈyana Sutta
,
16,016 recluses attained arahatship, i.e. all but Pi~giya
became
arahats
. Fourteen crores of hearers also attained
magga-phala
at various levels of
Path-Knowledge, having understood the Four Ariya Truths.
The huge audience, on the occasion of the PÈrÈyana Sutta
,
came from different places,
found themselves back at home at the end of the sermon due to the Buddha's powers. The
Buddha returned to Savatthi accompanied by thousands of
arahat
disciples (with the
exception of the Venerable Pi~giya).
Pi~giya's Discourses to BÈvarÊ
The Venerable Pi~giya did not accompany the Buddha to SÈvatthi because he had
undertaken to report back his experience to his uncle. Buddha granted him the permission
to return to his dwelling. He appeared at the bank of River GodhÈvarÊ by his psychic
power, and thence to his dwelling on foot.
As BÈvarÊ awaited the return of his nephew, sitting and watching the road, he saw
Venerable Pi~giya, in the guise of a
bhikkhu
, instead of his former appearance as a hermit
with the usual equipment. He rightly conjectured that the Buddha indeed had appeared in
the world. When the Venerable Pi~giya got before his presence, he asked him: ‚How is it?
Has the Buddha appeared?‛ ‚That's true, Brahmin, the Buddha has appeared in the world.
He gave us a sermon while residing at the PÈsÈnaka Shrine. I shall pass on the Doctrine to
you.‛ On hearing this, BÈvarÊ and his five hundred pupils prepared a special seat for the
Venerable Pi~giya, showing him great respect. Then the Venerable Pi~giya took his seat
and delivered a discourse consisting of 15 stanzas to BÈvarÊ, which is known as the
PÈrÈyanÈnugÊti
. (Refer to the PÈli text in Sutta NipÈta. A prose rendering of it follows.)
The Venerable Pi~giya expounded thus: