Chapter 43
PaÒca satÈni vÈceti, sadhamme ParamÊÑ gato,
(Ajita,) (1) your teacher's age is one hundred and twenty years, (2) he
belongs to the clan of BÈvarÊ, (3) he has three distinguishing marks of a great
man, (4) he has mastered the three Vedas; "He has mastered the Nigandu (the
AbidhÈna
), the Ketubha (poetics), LakkhaÓa (Characteristics of the great
man), the ItihÈsa (Legendary lore). (5) He is teaching the three Vedas to five
hundred pupils who are lazy and dull.
Ajita wanted to know what three characteristics are possessed by his master, with
reference to the third answer above, and put the following question mentally:
LakkhanaÑ pavicayaÑ, BÈvarissa naruttama;
Ka~khacchida pakÈsehi, mÈ no ka~khÈyitaÑ ahu.
O Supreme Man endowed with the faculty of dispelling doubts of all beings,
please specify in detail what are the three distinguishing marks of BÈvarÊ. Do
not let us have any scepticism.
The Buddha made the following reply:
MukhaÑ jÊvhÈya chÈdeti, uÓÓassa bhamukantare,
KosohitaÑ vatthaguyham, evaÑ jÈnÈhi mÈnava.
(Ajita,) (1) your teacher BÈvarÊ can cover his face with his tongue, (2) there
is the spiral auspicious hair between his eyebrows, (3) his genital organ is
sheathed (like that of the Chaddanta elephant). Ajita, note these three
distinguishing marks on him.
This the Buddha answered in precise terms. Then the audience, which covered an area of
twelve
yojanas
, were amazed, for they heard no one asking questions except the Buddha’s
prompt and detail answers. Raising their joint palms above their heads, they wondered
aloud: ‚Who is the questioner? Is he a deva or a BrahmÈ, or Sakka the beloved husband of
SujÈtÈ?‛
Having heard the answers to his five questions, Ajita asked two more questions mentally:
MuddhaÑ muddhÈdhipÈtaÒ ca, BÈvarÊ paripucchati;
Tam vyÈkarohi BhagavÈ, ka~khaÑ vinaya no ise.
O Virtuous One, our teacher wishes to ask two problems: first what is meant
by ‘the head’ (
muddha
)? Secondly, what is the factor that can chop off ‘the
head’ (
muddhÈhipÈta
)? Kindly answer these two questions and dispel our
doubts.
To that mental question of Ajita, the Buddha answered aloud thus:
AvijjaÑ muddhÈ ti jÈnÈhi, vijjÈ muddhÈdhipÈtini;
SaddhÈ sati samÈdhÊhi, chandavÊriyena saÑyutÈ.
(Ajita,) Ignorance (
avijjÈ
) of the four Ariya Truths is the head (
muddha
) of
repeated rebirths (
saÑsÈra
). Knowledge of the Ariya Path (
muddhÈdhipÈtins
)
that is associated with confidence (
saddhÈ
), mindfulness (
sati
), concentration
(
samÈdhi
), strong will (
chanda
) and endeavour (
vÊriya
), is the factor that
chops off the head. Thus should you know.
On hearing the exact answers, Ajita was overjoyed. And, placing the antelope's skin on
his left shoulder, touched the Buddha's feet with his head. Then he said aloud:
BÈvarÊ BrÈhmaÓo bhoto,
saha sissehi mÈrisa;
Udaggacitto sumano,
pade vandati Cakkhuma.